The French School of Proctology assumes that any anal or perianal abscess is related to an anal fistula and therefore requires treatment at the risk of recurrence of the abscess. The Anglo-Saxons, on the other hand, recommend a simple incision in case of a first abscess, without taking care of the possible fistula, on the grounds that more than 60% of patients will not have a recurrence of their abscess. In addition, predictive factors of abscess recurrence have been reported such as female gender, age over 40 years, however, contradicted by other studies. High BMI, corticosteroid use, Crohn's disease are other predictive factors of recurrence while diabetes mellitus or antibiotic therapy during the days following the incision were considered as "protective". The objective of this study was to evaluate our experience in the hospital with essentially a description of the evolution of the patients in the 2 years following the incision of the abscess in consultation.

The main objective is to describe the evolution of patients, within 2 years, who consulted our center for an anal or perianal abscess treated by a simple skin incision under local anesthesia in consultation and/or whose fistula was not found during the examination under anesthesia in the operating room.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient whose age ≥ 18 years
• Patient who visited between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019 for an anal or perianal abscess
• Patient who had a skin incision of a first anal margin or buttock abscess and/or whose fistula was not found during examination under anesthesia in the operating room
• French speaking patient

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient with pilonidal abscess
• Patient with an intramural abscess
• Patient with a history of anal margin or buttock abscess and/or anal fistula
• Patient with a history of proctologic surgery
• Patient with an abscess whose skin incision under local anesthesia has failed
• Patient under guardianship or curatorship
• Patient deprived of liberty
• Patient under court protection
• Patient objecting to the use of his or her data for this research

Patients managed at the center for anal or perianal abscesses treated with a simple skin incision under local anesthesia in consultation and/or whose fistula was not found during examination under anesthesia in the operating room, between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2019