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This is a mono centric, prospective, randomised trial on the implementation and assessment of a shortened pathway for mono-trauma of the wrist and suspected fracture of distal radius and/or ulna and/or scaphoid bone.
Patients will be randomised into two groups: fast track and normal pathway. At the arrival in the Emergency Department a triage will be performed. In case of met inclusion criteria the patient will sign the informed consent and will be randomised in one of the two study groups.
The fast track group will be straightforwardly evaluated for absence of exclusion criteria (in case of exclusion criteria present the investigators will follow the normal pathway and the patient will not be included in the study). Then, patients will be assessed with an ad hoc checklist and then sent for x-ray performance, if necessary. After the x-ray the patients will be examined by an emergency physician that will have the opportunity to request new x-ray views if necessary.
The normal pathway group will go straight to medical examination as soon as possible, depending on waiting times in the Emergency Department.
Investigators will collect anagraphical data, waiting times, time to x-ray, overall length of stay in the Emergency Department, patients' and staff's satisfaction for the two groups.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| fast track | Experimental | patients arriving at Emergency Department with suspected wrist or scaphoid fracture, randomly allocated to the fast track pathway (xray requested at triage by nurse) |
|
| normal pathway | Active Comparator | patients arriving at Emergency Department with suspected wrist or scaphoid fracture, randomly allocated to waiting room and than medical examination before asking for xrays |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fast track | Other | short cut for the request of xrays directly at triage |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| number of x rays requested | the number of xray requested | From admission to discharge, up to 2.5 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| waiting time before examination | From admission to discharge, up to 2.5 hours | |
| waiting time before xray | From admission to discharge, up to 2.5 hours | |
| total length of stay in the emergency department |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Laura Uccella, MD | Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ospedale Regionale di Lugano - ORL | Lugano | Canton Ticino | 6900 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32125528 | Background | Mallee WH, Walenkamp MMJ, Mulders MAM, Goslings JC, Schep NWL. Detecting scaphoid fractures in wrist injury: a clinical decision rule. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2020 Apr;140(4):575-581. doi: 10.1007/s00402-020-03383-w. Epub 2020 Mar 3. | |
| 26682537 | Background | Walenkamp MM, Bentohami A, Slaar A, Beerekamp MS, Maas M, Jager LC, Sosef NL, van Velde R, Ultee JM, Steyerberg EW, Goslings JC, Schep NW. The Amsterdam wrist rules: the multicenter prospective derivation and external validation of a clinical decision rule for the use of radiography in acute wrist trauma. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2015 Dec 18;16:389. doi: 10.1186/s12891-015-0829-2. |
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no plan at the moment
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000092503 | Wrist Fractures |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014954 | Wrist Injuries |
| D001134 | Arm Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |
| D050723 | Fractures, Bone |
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| normal pathway |
| Other |
x-ray would be required according to doctor's clinical evaluation. |
|
| From admission to discharge, up to 2.5 hours |
| patient's satisfaction | Patients' satisfaction will be tested with the help of the brief emergency department patient satisfaction scale (BEPSS). The questionnaire consists of 20 questions and for each item, a response scale form 1 (completely disagree) to 4 (completely agree) is used. | From admission to discharge, up to 2.5 hours |
| 15000019 | Background | Chudleigh J. Nurse requested X-rays in A&E department. Emerg Nurse. 2004 Feb;11(9):32-6. doi: 10.7748/en2004.02.11.9.32.c1146. No abstract available. |
| 24487265 | Background | Streppa J, Schneidman V, Biron AD. Requesting wrist radiographs in emergency department triage: developing a training program and diagnostic algorithm. Adv Emerg Nurs J. 2014 Jan-Mar;36(1):62-77. doi: 10.1097/TME.0000000000000005. |
| 23915492 | Background | van den Brand CL, van Leerdam RH, van Ufford JH, Rhemrev SJ. Is there a need for a clinical decision rule in blunt wrist trauma? Injury. 2013 Nov;44(11):1615-9. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2013.07.006. Epub 2013 Jul 31. |