Improving Hallucinations by Targeting the rSTS With tES | NCT05165654 | Trialant
NCT05165654
Sponsor
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Status
Completed
Last Update Posted
Sep 17, 2025Actual
Enrollment
12Actual
Phase
Not Applicable
Conditions
Hallucinations, Auditory
Psychosis
Interventions
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Countries
United States
Protocol Section
Identification Module
NCT ID
Results Section
Participant Flow Module
Pre-assignment Details
Annotation Section
No data available
No data is available for this block.
Document Section
Large Document Module
Document Has No Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP)
Derived Section
Miscellaneous Info Module
Version Holder
NCT05165654
Obsolete or Duplicate NCT IDs
Not provided
Organization Study
2019P001016X
Secondary IDs
Not provided
Brief Title
Improving Hallucinations by Targeting the rSTS With tES
Official Title
Improving Hallucinations by Targeting the Right Superior Temporal Sulcus With Electrical Stimulation
Acronym
Not provided
Organization
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterOTHER
Status Module
Record Verification Date
Sep 2025
Overall Recruitment Status or Expanded Access Status
Completed
Last Known Status
Not provided
Delayed Posting
Not provided
Why Stopped
Not provided
Expanded Access Info
No
Start Date
Nov 1, 2021Actual
Primary Completion Date
Jun 1, 2025Actual
Completion Date
Jun 23, 2025Actual
First Submitted Date
Nov 17, 2021
First Submission Date that Met QC Criteria
Dec 14, 2021
First Posted Date
Dec 21, 2021Actual
Results Waived
Not provided
Results First Submitted Date
Jun 16, 2025
Results First Submitted that Met QC Criteria
Sep 15, 2025
Results First Posted Date
Sep 17, 2025Actual
Certification/Extension (aka Delayed Results) First Submitted Date
Not provided
Certification/Extension First Submitted that Passed QC Review
Not provided
Certification/Extension First Posted Date
Not provided
Last Update Submitted Date
Sep 15, 2025
Last Update Posted Date
Sep 17, 2025Actual
Sponsor/Collaborators Module
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Paulo Lizano, Assistant Professor, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterPrincipal Investigator
Lead Sponsor
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterOTHER
Collaborators
Not provided
Oversight Module
Has Data Monitoring Committee (DMC)
No
Is FDA Regulated Drug
No
Is FDA Regulated Device
Yes
Is Unapproved Device
Yes
Pediatric Postmarket Surveillance of a Device Product
Not provided
Product Exported from US
Not provided
FDAAA801 Violation
Not provided
Description Module
Brief Summary
Hallucinations are a core diagnostic feature of psychotic disorders. They involve different sensory modalities, including auditory, visual, olfactory, tactile, and gustatory hallucinations, among others. Hallucinations occur in multiple different neurological and psychiatric illnesses and can be refractory to existing treatments. Auditory hallucinations and visual hallucinations are found across diagnostic categories of psychotic disorders (schizophrenia, schizoaffective, bipolar disorder). Despite visual hallucinations being approximately half as frequent as auditory hallucinations, they almost always co-occur with auditory hallucinations, and are linked to a more severe psychopathological profile. Auditory and visual hallucinations at baseline also predict higher disability, risk of relapse and duration of psychosis after 1 and 2 years, especially when they occur in combination. Using a newly validated technique termed lesion network mapping, researchers demonstrated that focal brain lesions connected to the right superior temporal sulcus (rSTS) plays a causal role in the development of hallucinations. The rSTS receives convergent somatosensory, auditory, and visual inputs, and is regarded as a site for multimodal sensory integration. Here the investigators aim to answer the question whether noninvasive brain stimulation when optimally targeted to the rSTS can improve brain activity, sensory integration, and hallucinations.
Detailed Description
Functional neuroimaging studies have identified neural correlates of hallucinations across multiple brain regions. Some studies suggest a common neuroanatomical substrate independent of the sensory modality, while others suggest different neural correlates for different types of hallucinations. However, whether these neuroimaging findings represented a cause, consequence or epiphenomenon of hallucinations was unclear until recently. Using lesion network mapping, researchers demonstrated that focal brain lesions play a causal role in the development of hallucinations and can occur in different brain locations, both inside and outside sensory pathway, and that greater than 90% of lesion locations causing hallucinations are negatively connected to the right superior temporal sulcus (rSTS). The rSTS is known to play a role in social cognition, biological motion, audiovisual integration, and speech. Hence, when spontaneous activity decreases at lesion locations causing hallucinations, spontaneous activity in the rSTS increases, the exact pattern thought to predispose to hallucinations. Additionally, functional connectivity within this region is abnormal in patients with visual and auditory hallucinations. Therefore, the association between rSTS connectivity and hallucinations would suggest this region may be optimal for modulation via non-invasive brain stimulation.
One method by which cortical excitability can be altered is with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique. High definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) is a refined version of tDCS with improved spatial precision of cortical stimulation. This involves the application of a weak electrical current (1-2 mA) delivered to the brain via scalp electrodes. tDCS can modulate cortical excitability, where anodal stimulation tends to increase (i.e. the resting potential becomes less negative) and cathodal stimulation tends to decrease the underlying membrane potential (i.e. the resting potential becomes more negative). While tDCS is a promising adjunctive treatment of auditory hallucinations and negative symptoms in schizophrenia, less is known about its role in treating hallucinations overall. To date, no study has non-invasively stimulated the rSTS with tDCS in psychosis and examined its effects on hallucinations. However, there are studies in healthy volunteers showing that anodal stimulation to the STS resulted in increased auditory false perceptions, while cathodal stimulation decreased false perceptions and was lower than the sham condition. Taken together, the recent lesion network mapping identifying the rSTS as a major source of hallucinations combined with prior studies showing that the rSTS is associated with hallucinations suggest that it may be possible to alleviate hallucinations by designing a tDCS protocol that targets the rSTS with cathodal stimulation. Technological advances in noninvasive neuromodulation and electrical field modeling further allow us to create a tDCS protocol specifically guided by the results of lesion network mapping studies with high spatial resolution.
Conditions Module
Conditions
Hallucinations, Auditory
Psychosis
Keywords
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Electroencephalography
Design Module
Study Type
Interventional
Number of References to an Expanded Access Study
Not provided
Expanded Access Types
Not provided
Patient Registry
Not provided
Target Follow-Up Duration
Not provided
Phases
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Design
Allocation
Biospecimen
No data available
No data is available for this block.
Enrollment
12Actual
Arms/Interventions Module
Arm Groups
Label
Type
Description
Intervention Names
Active Stimulation with TDCS
Experimental
10 tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Device: Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
SHAM Stimulation
Sham Comparator
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Device: Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Interventions
Name
Type
Description
Arm Group Labels
Other Names
Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Device
Transcranial electrical stimulation
Active Stimulation with TDCS
SHAM Stimulation
Outcomes Module
Primary Outcomes
Measure
Description
Time Frame
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
Measuring total psychosis symptoms score (Total score minimum = 30, maximum = 210); General symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); Negative Symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); and Positive Symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to day 5
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
Measuring total psychosis symptoms score (Total score minimum = 30, maximum = 210); General symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); Negative Symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); and Positive Symptoms (minimum score = 16, maximum score = 112); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to month follow-up
University of Miami Parkinson's Disease Hallucinations Questionnaire (UM-PDHQ)
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; 20-item questionnaire to be used as a screening instrument to assess hallucinations (6 quantitative and 14 qualitative items); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total quantitative score (min = 0; max = 14).
Change from baseline to day 5
University of Miami Parkinson's Disease Hallucinations Questionnaire (UM-PDHQ)
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; 20-item questionnaire to be used as a screening instrument to assess hallucinations (6 quantitative and 14 qualitative items); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total quantitative score (min = 0; max = 14).
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; severity for each item is rated on a 7-point scale; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score (0-41).
Secondary Outcomes
Measure
Description
Time Frame
Auditory Steady State Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular auditory frequency of interest.
Has not recently participated in tES/TMS treatments
Exclusion Criteria:
Substance abuse or dependence (w/in past 6 months)
Those who are pregnant/breastfeeding
History of head injury with > 15 minutes of loss of consciousness/mal sequelae
DSM-V intellectual disability
Having a non-removable ferromagnetic metal within the body (particularly in the head)
History of seizures
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sex
All
Sex/Gender Based
Not provided
Sex/Gender Description
Not provided
Minimum Age
18 Years
Maximum Age
50 Years
Standard Ages
Adult
Study Population
Not provided
Sampling Method
Not provided
Contacts/Locations Module
Central Contacts
Not provided
Overall Officials
Name
Affiliation
Role
Paulo Lizano, MD, PhD
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Principal Investigator
Locations
Facility
Status
City
State
ZIP
Country
Contacts
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston
Massachusetts
02215
United States
References Module
No data available
No data is available for this block.
IPD Sharing Statement Module
Plan to Share IPD
No
Description
Not provided
Types
Not provided
Time Frame
Not provided
Access Criteria
Not provided
URL
Not provided
Individuals performed a full clinical assessment including a structured clinical interview and medical history review to confirm diagnosis. Individuals were required to have a history or current hallucinations (visual, auditory, tactile, etc.) to participate in the study. Participants were then randomized to one of the two arms of the study (active tDCS or sham) targeting the right superior temporal sulcus.
Recruitment Details
Participants were recruited through patient conversations and advertisements.
Type of Units Analyzed
Not provided
Arm/Group Information
ID
Title
Description
FG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
A history of tinnitus for a participant was recorded at the start of the study. Symptoms worsened at 1 month follow up
More Info Module
Limitations and Caveats
Small numbers of subjects analyzed due to funding for a pilot study. There was a technical problem related to the NES task which resulted in the data not being collected after the first subject.
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; severity for each item is rated on a 7-point scale; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score (0-41).
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Auditory Steady State Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular auditory frequency of interest.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Steady State Visual Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual frequency of interest.
Change from baseline to day 5
Steady State Visual Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual frequency of interest.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Cross Modal Steady State Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual/auditory frequency of interest.
Change from baseline to day 5
Cross Modal Steady State Evoked Potential
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual/auditory frequency of interest.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Resting State EEG
Measuring neural activity at rest consisting of 5 minutes of eyes-open resting-state EEG (rsEEG) was recorded. Fast Fourier transformations were conducted on data, resulting in 4 frequency bands: delta/theta, alpha, beta, and gamma.
Change from baseline to 5 day
Resting State EEG
Measuring neural activity at rest consisting of 5 minutes of eyes-open resting-state EEG (rsEEG) was recorded. Fast Fourier transformations were conducted on data, resulting in 4 frequency bands: delta/theta, alpha, beta, and gamma.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Biological Motion
Measuring the percent correct of detected motion by presenting a simulated walker; difficulty is increased by the level of random noise around stimuli. 20 trials are presented. Higher scores (0-100%) indicate a better ability to detect motion.
Change from baseline to 5 day
Biological Motion
Measuring the percent correct of detected motion by presenting a simulated walker; difficulty is increased by the level of random noise around stimuli. 20 trials are presented. Higher scores (0-100%) indicate a better ability to detect motion.
Measuring the percent correct of auditory and visual integration; auditory stimuli partners are matched to visual stimuli; difficulty is increased with more complex patterns
Measuring the percent correct of auditory and visual integration; auditory stimuli partners are matched to visual stimuli; difficulty is increased with more complex patterns
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Global Assessment of Function (GAF)
Measuring global functioning; severity of symptoms related to day-to-day life on a scale of 0 to 100; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to day 5
Global Assessment of Function (GAF)
Measuring global functioning; severity of symptoms related to day-to-day life on a scale of 0 to 100; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
Measuring total depression scores; 10 item scale related to depressive episodes (total score 0-60); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to 5 day
Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)
Measuring total depression scores; 10 item scale related to depressive episodes (total score 0-60); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
Measuring total Mania scores; 11 items used to access severity of mania (total score 0-60); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to 5 day
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS)
Measuring total Mania scores; 11 items used to access severity of mania (total score 0-60); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Brief Assessment of Cognition (BACS)
Measuring cognition; cognitive domains assessed include memory, working memory, processing speed, executive functions and verbal fluency. Higher scores indicate greater cognitive ability on a given task.
Change from baseline to 5 day
Brief Assessment of Cognition (BACS)
Measuring cognition; cognitive domains assessed include memory, working memory, processing speed, executive functions and verbal fluency. Higher scores indicate greater cognitive ability on a given task.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Symptom Checklist-90
Measuring total psychiatric symptoms; 90 symptoms and evaluates nine symptomatic dimensions; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score range 0 to 360
Change from baseline to 5 day
Symptom Checklist-90
Measuring total psychiatric symptoms; 90 symptoms and evaluates nine symptomatic dimensions; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms.Total score range 0 to 360.
Change from baseline to month follow-up
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
University of Miami Parkinson's Disease Hallucinations Questionnaire (UM-PDHQ)
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; 20-item questionnaire to be used as a screening instrument to assess hallucinations (6 quantitative and 14 qualitative items); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total quantitative score (min = 0; max = 14).
Total quantitative score reported (min = 0; max = 14)
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
University of Miami Parkinson's Disease Hallucinations Questionnaire (UM-PDHQ)
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; 20-item questionnaire to be used as a screening instrument to assess hallucinations (6 quantitative and 14 qualitative items); higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total quantitative score (min = 0; max = 14).
Total quantitative score reported (min = 0; max = 14)
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; severity for each item is rated on a 7-point scale; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score (0-41).
Total score reported (0-41).
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring severity and duration of hallucinations; severity for each item is rated on a 7-point scale; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score (0-41).
Total score reported (0-41)
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular auditory frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Mean
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular auditory frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual/auditory frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Raw data was cleaned for artifacts (excessive noise) and segmented in cleaned epochs based on stimulus onset. Post preprocessing stages, the signal reported was derived from using a time-frequency transformation and analysis, which is conceptualized as oscillatory power in decibels (10*log10) at a particular visual/auditory frequency of interest.
1 individual in the active TDCS group had unusable data due to poor data quality.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
decibels
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring neural activity at rest consisting of 5 minutes of eyes-open resting-state EEG (rsEEG) was recorded. Fast Fourier transformations were conducted on data, resulting in 4 frequency bands: delta/theta, alpha, beta, and gamma.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
microvolts
Change from baseline to 5 day
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring neural activity at rest consisting of 5 minutes of eyes-open resting-state EEG (rsEEG) was recorded. Fast Fourier transformations were conducted on data, resulting in 4 frequency bands: delta/theta, alpha, beta, and gamma.
'Mice' R package used for multiple imputation of 1 Month data
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
microvolts
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring the percent correct of detected motion by presenting a simulated walker; difficulty is increased by the level of random noise around stimuli. 20 trials are presented. Higher scores (0-100%) indicate a better ability to detect motion.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
percentage correct
Change from baseline to 5 day
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring the percent correct of detected motion by presenting a simulated walker; difficulty is increased by the level of random noise around stimuli. 20 trials are presented. Higher scores (0-100%) indicate a better ability to detect motion.
'Mice' R package used for multiple imputation of 1 Month data
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
percentage correct
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring the percent correct of auditory and visual integration; auditory stimuli partners are matched to visual stimuli; difficulty is increased with more complex patterns
Data was unable to be obtained for due to the a technique problem in code for the task that resulted in incorrectly quantifying outcomes.
Posted
Change from baseline to 5 day
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring the percent correct of auditory and visual integration; auditory stimuli partners are matched to visual stimuli; difficulty is increased with more complex patterns
Data was unable to be obtained for due to the a technique problem in code for the task that resulted in incorrectly quantifying outcomes.
Posted
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring global functioning; severity of symptoms related to day-to-day life on a scale of 0 to 100; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to day 5
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
10 tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring global functioning; severity of symptoms related to day-to-day life on a scale of 0 to 100; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms
'Mice' R package used for multiple imputation on 1 Month data
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
10 tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring cognition; cognitive domains assessed include memory, working memory, processing speed, executive functions and verbal fluency. Higher scores indicate greater cognitive ability on a given task.
BACS total score reported. Summed from all subcategories of cognition (memory, working memory, processing speed, executive function and verbal fluency scores). Scores transformed into Z scores based off standardized transformations provided by the test makers. 0 represents the population mean for healthy controls. Standard deviations above the mean represent better cognitive ability.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
z score on test
Change from baseline to 5 day
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
10 tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring cognition; cognitive domains assessed include memory, working memory, processing speed, executive functions and verbal fluency. Higher scores indicate greater cognitive ability on a given task.
'Mice" R package used for multiple imputation on 1 Month data; BACS total score reported. BACS total score reported. Summed from all subcategories of cognition (memory, working memory, processing speed, executive function and verbal fluency scores). Scores transformed into Z scores based off standardized transformations provided by the test makers. 0 represents the population mean for healthy controls. Standard deviations above the mean represent better cognitive ability.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
z score on test
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
10 tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
10 passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring total psychiatric symptoms; 90 symptoms and evaluates nine symptomatic dimensions; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms. Total score range 0 to 360
Total score assesses psychological distress through 90 items reported. Total score reported, range 0 to 360.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to 5 day
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Measuring total psychiatric symptoms; 90 symptoms and evaluates nine symptomatic dimensions; higher scores represent higher severity of symptoms.Total score range 0 to 360.
'Mice' R package used for multiple imputation on missing data. Total score assesses psychological distress through 90 items reported. Total score reported, range 0 to 360.
Posted
Median
Inter-Quartile Range
score on a scale
Change from baseline to month follow-up
ID
Title
Description
OG000
Active Stimulation With TDCS
tDCS; Two, twenty-minute sessions of tDCS to the rSTS for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).
Passive sham control; Two, twenty-minute sessions of passive sham control to the rSTS for a 30 second ramped up and down at the beginning and end of the 20 min period for 5 days (10 total sessions).