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To minimize fracture risk, diverse and varied training of high intensity (multimodal training) is recommended to increase bone strength. However, the effectiveness of different training programmes performed in community settings remain uncertain. The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and the effectiveness of 19-week of multimodal training in a local community center in Copenhagen, Denmark. The health promotion initiative had special emphasis on musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women.
A local community center was offering supervised multimodal training (MMT) to postmenopausal, healthy women twice weekly, and the aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility and the musculoskeletal health promoting effects of the training. The evaluation study lasted for 19 weeks, and the average attendance rate of MMT participants had to be > 1 hour weekly. The primary outcomes were bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scanning and the fasted plasma concentration of bone turnover markers (BTM): N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP) , C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), Osteocalcin), while secondary outcomes were body composition variables, dynamic postural balance and functional muscle strength. To test within- and between-group differences in the pre and post outcomes the training group (MMT) was compared with a sedentary control group (CON).
Every participant was fully informed before giving her written informed consent to the procedures and potential discomfort associated with the study. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the local ethics committee of the Capital Region of Denmark, H-18044190.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMT | Experimental | Intervention group performing multimodal training (MMT) 1-2 hours weekly |
|
| CON | No Intervention | Sedentary control group |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| multimodal training (MMT) | Behavioral | Supervised multimodal exercise training (MMT) performed 1-2 hours weekly for 19 weeks |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Whole-body and regional BMD | bone mineral density (g/cm2) | 19 weeks |
| Osteocalcin | Concentration of Osteocalcin in plasma in fasted state (µg/l) | 3 weeks and 19 weeks |
| P1NP | Concentration of P1NP in plasma in fasted state (µg/l) | 3 weeks and 19 weeks |
| CTX | Concentration of CTX in plasma in fasted state (ng/l) | 3 weeks and 19 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Body fat percentage | Body fat percentage (%) | 19 weeks |
| Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) | Volume (m3) | 19 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eva W Helge, Ph.D. | University of Copenhagen | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Copenhagen, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports | Copenhagen | 2200 | Denmark |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39263388 | Derived | Prawiradilaga RS, Bendtsen M, Esrup S, Jorgensen NR, Yulianto FA, Helge EW. Feasibility Study of Community-Based Training for Musculoskeletal Health Promotion. F1000Res. 2024 Sep 4;11:51. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.73698.3. eCollection 2022. |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Dec 3, 2021 | Dec 4, 2021 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010024 | Osteoporosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001851 | Bone Diseases, Metabolic |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
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Healthy, sedentary postmenopausal women aged below 70 years were eligible to participate in the present study.
Inclusion criteria were:
Exclusion criteria were:
Initially, twenty women were recruited to the training via an online advertisement and a local newspaper, but only 19 showed up for pre-testing. After a medical examination, one participant was excluded due to low BMD (T-score < -3 SD), and two were excluded due to high BMI (≥30 kg/m2).
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| Body weight | kg | 19 weeks |
| BMI | kg/m2 | 19 weeks |
| Total fat mass | kg | 19 weeks |
| Total lean body mass (LBM) | kg | 19 weeks |
| Whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) | g | 19 weeks |
| dynamic balance | time to fulfill a four-square-balance test (sec) | 19 weeks |
| dynamic muscle strength | Jump-and-reach-test (cm) | 19 weeks |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |