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To evaluate the efficacy of Doxycycline as an adjunct to systemic steroids in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses characterized by mucosal thickening and polyp formation. The prevalence of CRSwNP in the general population ranges between 1 and 4%. It mostly affects adult individuals. The treatment of CRSwNP can include the use of steroids, antibiotics, saline nasal spray, mucolytics, topical/systemic decongestants, topical anticholinergics, anti-leukotrienes or receptor blockers, and antihistamines. Steroids have a multitude of effects, including inhibition of cytokine synthesis, reduction of the number of eosinophils and activated eosinophils, anti-oedema effects and reduction of transudation. Topical corticosteroid therapy is not effective in all patients, leading to the use of systemic glucocorticosteroids and/or sinus surgery to control the disease. As a new approach, antibiotics are being used to treat CRSwNP particularly in patients with disease exacerbated by the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin. Antibiotics with anti- inflammatory effects can be used to treat patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps, which might be the precursor to CRSwNP. Long-term treatment with these drugs, in selected cases, may be effective when corticosteroids fail. Doxycycline has dual action: it has well described, broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against S aureus as well as anti-inflammatory properties. It appears to be effective in treatment of several chronic inflammatory airway diseases.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Steroids + Doxycycline | Experimental | Systemic Prednisolone in decreasing doses (40 mg/d on days 1-7, 20 mg/d on days 8-14, and 10 mg/d on days 15-21) along with Doxycycline (200 mg as a loading dose on the 1st day, followed by 100 mg once daily one hour before meal as a maintenance dose) for 3 weeks. |
|
| Steroids Only | Active Comparator | Systemic Prednisolone in decreasing doses (40 mg/d on days 1-7, 20 mg/d on days 8-14, and 10 mg/d on days 15-21) for 3 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doxycycline 100 mg Oral Tablet | Drug | Oral Doxycycline will be added to prednisolone as a comparison to using prednisolone as a sole therapy for the treatment of nasal polyps associated with chronic rhinosinusitis |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Polyp Size Score by Nasal Endoscopy | Every patient will undergo nasal endoscopy at the initial visit and every follow-up visit using a modified Lildholdt scoring system and given scores from 0 to 4. The total nasal polyp score is the sum of the scores from the right and left nostrils. 0 = No polyps.
| after 12 weeks from the start of treatment |
| Radiological Evaluation | Multislice computed tomography scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses will be done before starting the treatment and at the end of the follow-up period (12 weeks) using the Lund-Mackay (LMK) scoring system where each sinus (maxillary, anterior ethmoidal, posterior ethmoidal, frontal, sphenoidal) is scored for opacification (0, no opacity; 1, partial opacity; 2, total opacity), and the osteo-meatal complex is scored 0 (no obstruction) or 2 (obstruction). The unilateral score goes from 0 to 12 whereas the bilateral score goes from 0 to 24 | after 12 weeks from the start of treatment |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Laboratory Measures | Complete Blood count specifically the eosinophilic count (both relative and absolute) will be documented at the initial visit and at the end of treatment. Values of each group will be compared to each other. | after 12 weeks from the start of treatment |
| Symptomatology |
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Inclusion Criteria:
1- Adult patients (aged 18 and over) with bilateral nasal polyps confirmed by nasal endoscopy and CT scan.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mai AbuElmagd | Assiut University | Principal Investigator |
| Hamza El Shafie | Assiut University | Study Director |
| Aly Ragaie | Assiut University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiut University Hospital | Asyut | 71111 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20451040 | Background | Van Zele T, Gevaert P, Holtappels G, Beule A, Wormald PJ, Mayr S, Hens G, Hellings P, Ebbens FA, Fokkens W, Van Cauwenberge P, Bachert C. Oral steroids and doxycycline: two different approaches to treat nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 May;125(5):1069-1076.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.020. | |
| 16218510 | Background |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009298 | Nasal Polyps |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009668 | Nose Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D010038 | Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases |
| D011127 | Polyps |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004318 | Doxycycline |
| D013607 | Tablets |
| D011239 | Prednisolone |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013754 | Tetracyclines |
| D009279 | Naphthacenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
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|
| Prednisolone 20 mg | Drug | Prednisolone will be used in both arms as a sole therapy in one and together with doxycycline in the other |
|
|
Using a questionnaire, all subjects will be asked to evaluate five symptoms (nasal obstruction, Rhinorrhea, postnasal discharge, hyposmia and facial pain) from 0 to 4. 0 = no symptoms
|
| after 12 weeks from the start of treatment |
| Andrews AE, Bryson JM, Rowe-Jones JM. Site of origin of nasal polyps: relevance to pathogenesis and management. Rhinology. 2005 Sep;43(3):180-4. |
| 32617061 | Background | Tetik F, Korkut AY, Kaya KS, Ucak I, Celebi I, Coskun BU. Comparison of the Oral Steroids, Macrolides and Combination Therapy in Nasal Polyposis Patients. Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2020 Jun 12;54(2):211-217. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2018.40316. eCollection 2020. |
| Background | Stammberger H. Rhinoscopic surgery. In: Settipane GA, Lund VJ, Bernstein JM, Tos M, editor. Nasal polyps: epidemiology, patho- genesis and treatment. Rhode Island: Ocean Side Pub; 1997. p.7-15. |
| 16815148 | Background | Hissaria P, Smith W, Wormald PJ, Taylor J, Vadas M, Gillis D, Kette F. Short course of systemic corticosteroids in sinonasal polyposis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with evaluation of outcome measures. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jul;118(1):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.03.012. Epub 2006 May 19. |
| 15480349 | Background | Van Zele T, Gevaert P, Watelet JB, Claeys G, Holtappels G, Claeys C, van Cauwenberge P, Bachert C. Staphylococcus aureus colonization and IgE antibody formation to enterotoxins is increased in nasal polyposis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Oct;114(4):981-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.07.013. No abstract available. |
| 8908275 | Background | Hashiba M, Baba S. Efficacy of long-term administration of clarithromycin in the treatment of intractable chronic sinusitis. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1996;525:73-8. |
| 7805431 | Background | Legent F, Bordure P, Beauvillain C, Berche P. A double-blind comparison of ciprofloxacin and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. Chemotherapy. 1994;40 Suppl 1:8-15. doi: 10.1159/000239310. |
| 12512904 | Background | Subramanian HN, Schechtman KB, Hamilos DL. A retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes and time to relapse after intensive medical treatment for chronic sinusitis. Am J Rhinol. 2002 Nov-Dec;16(6):303-12. |
| 18220943 | Background | Rempe S, Hayden JM, Robbins RA, Hoyt JC. Tetracyclines and pulmonary inflammation. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2007 Dec;7(4):232-6. doi: 10.2174/187153007782794344. |
| D020763 |
| Pathological Conditions, Anatomical |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D006844 |
| Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D004304 | Dosage Forms |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
| D011246 | Pregnadienetriols |
| D011245 | Pregnadienes |
| D011278 | Pregnanes |
| D013256 | Steroids |
| D000072473 | Fused-Ring Compounds |