• The anesthesiologist will provide the patient with instructions for preoperative anesthesia.
• The operating room nurses will introduce the operating room environment and surgical care instructions to the patient.
• Provide a manual for disease health education.
• Provide post-operative care and environmental imaging materials, explain the importance of intensive care unit routines and related equipment, indwelling pipelines, related nursing staff, post-operative care methods, and provide imaging and health education manuals for explanation.
• Use gamification to evaluate: pain relief skills, lung expansion skills.

• The anesthesiologist will provide the patient with instructions for preoperative anesthesia.
• The operating room nurses will introduce the operating room environment and surgical care instructions to the patient.
• Provide a manual for disease health education.

• The anesthesiologist will provide the patient with instructions for preoperative anesthesia.
• The operating room nurses will introduce the operating room environment and surgical care instructions to the patient.
• Provide a manual for disease health education.
• Provide post-operative care and environmental imaging materials, explain the importance of intensive care unit routines and related equipment, indwelling pipelines, related nursing staff, post-operative care methods, and provide imaging and health education manuals for explanation.
• Use gamification to evaluate: pain relief skills, lung expansion skills.

• First use the Richmond Restlessness and Sedation Scale (RASS) to assess the state of consciousness. RASS is a 10-point scale. +1 to +4 represent different levels of anxiety, 0 points represent alertness and calmness, and -1 to -5 represent different levels of sedation.
• When the RASS score is between -3 and +4, then evaluate the Confusion Assessment Method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU). The CAM-ICU is a four-step assessment method with items on altered mental status or fluctuating course, inattention, and altered level of consciousness or disorganized thinking.
• If the evaluation result is the following two combinations, the first combination is mental state change, inattention, and consciousness level change; the second combination is mental state change, inattention, and disorganized thinking. This means that the CAM-ICU is positive and delirium has occurred.

- When using the CAM-ICU assessment system, delirium occurs, and the time from the occurrence to the end of the delirium will be recorded.

• When delirium occurs, use Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98) to score the severity of delirium symptoms.
• DRS-R-98 has a total of 16 scoring items, including 13 delirium severity and 3 diagnosis items. The total score is up to 46 points, of which the highest severity is 39 points. The higher the score, the more serious.
• Clinically, the total score ≥ 18 points or the severity score ≥ 15 points are used.