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The present investigation aims to study a novel plant based protein isolate blend to determine if it results in similar muscle building responses compared to whey protein isolate.
Whey protein is considered the 'gold standard' to maintain body proteins (muscle, skin, bone). When isolated from milk, whey protein isolate (WPI) contains all nine essential amino acids (EAA) which are 'building blocks' that are needed to support the maintenance of body proteins. To date, there is no plant-based protein (PBP) isolate that compares to the recommended WPI towards how our body builds or supports our muscles. WPI is considered the 'gold standard' because it contains all of the EAA which provide the right amount of 'building blocks' to support our muscles. Current PBP isolates available contain insufficient amounts of EAA, and are less digestible, resulting in less 'building blocks' available to support our muscles. Recently, plant protein combinations have been designed to provide the right amounts of all the EAAs. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the effects of a novel PBP blend on muscle protein synthesis responses by comparing it to WPI.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whey protein isolate | Experimental | Whey protein isolate is the 'gold standard' of protein supplements due to being rich in essential amino acids and leucine. Leucine is a key amino acid the is required to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Muscle protein synthesis is the major mechanism the underpins muscle growth. The whey protein would ostensibly serve as a positive control. |
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| Plant based protein isolate | Experimental | Current plant-based protein isolates available contain insufficient amounts of leucine, and are less digestible, resulting in a reduced muscle protein synthesis responses. The plant based protein would ostensibly serve as a negative control. |
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| Plant based protein isolate + leucine | Experimental | Enriching plant-based protein with leucine will increase the 'quality' of said protein source and theoretically should have similar muscle protein synthetic responses to whey protein. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protein quality | Dietary Supplement | the present investigation aims to study a novel protein based protein isolate blend with and without leucine an compared with whey protein isolate to determine its impact aminoacidemia and muscle protein synthesis healthy adults. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle protein synthesis | A marker of muscle growth | Over a 5 hour period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Aminoacidemia | Amino acids in the blood | Over a 5 hour period |
| Appetite and desire for specific food types in response to test drinks types H | Questionnaire on appetite and palpability of the drinks assessed by a visual analogue scale. 100 mm in length with words anchored at each end, expressing the most positive and the most negative rating used to assess hunger, satiety and fullness. Higher scores mean a better outcome. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Stuart Phillips, PhD | McMaster University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Changhyun Lim | Hamilton | Ontario | L8S 4K1 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 38846451 | Derived | Lim C, Janssen TAH, Currier BS, Paramanantharajah N, McKendry J, Abou Sawan S, Phillips SM. Muscle Protein Synthesis in Response to Plant-Based Protein Isolates With and Without Added Leucine Versus Whey Protein in Young Men and Women. Curr Dev Nutr. 2024 May 10;8(6):103769. doi: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.103769. eCollection 2024 Jun. |
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The study design will be a randomized, double blind, crossover trial.
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The study design will be a randomized, double blind, crossover trial.
| Immediately before, and 30, 60, 120, 180 and 300 minutes after test drinks are consumed. |
| Palatability of test drinks | Questionnaire of palatability of test drinks assessed by a visual analogue scale. 100 mm in length with words anchored at each end, expressing the most positive and the most negative rating used to assess visual appeal, smell, taste, aftertaste and palatability. Higher scores mean a better outcome. | Immediately after test drink are consumed. |
| Questionnaire on safety | Safety will be measured via a questionnaire; e.g. can the participant drink the test drinks and are they okay? Yes or no. | Over a 5 hour period |
| Tolerability of test drinks | Tolerability will be measured using Visual Analog Scales anchored by the following descriptors: 0 - no symptoms at all; 100 - worst symptoms participant has ever experienced for the following: nausea, belching, feeling of fullness, vomiting, abdominal distension, flatulence, diarrhoea, dry mouth, and thirst. | Over a 5 hour period |