Conventional physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease, designed to address key therapeutic objectives such as improving postural control, increasing gait stability, reducing freezing episodes, enhancing coordination, and minimizing fall risk. The program included gait training to promote step initiation and continuity, balance exercises to improve weight shifting and reactive postural adjustments, stretching to maintain joint mobility and reduce rigidity, and psychomotor activities to enhance proprioception and movement planning. The therapy was conducted by two physiotherapists per center, with sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week, over 12 weeks. The pharmacological treatment that participants regularly received was not modified during the intervention to avoid altering the natural progression of the disease.

In addition to conventional therapy, the intervention group followed a treatment protocol using the TCS Fisior® sequential square mat, supervised by a trained physiotherapist from each center. This therapy focused on postural control and gait exercises with progressive intensity: low for the first four weeks, moderate until week eight, and high from weeks nine to twelve. Load progression followed a structured protocol, incorporating increased ankle weights, higher repetitions, reduced rest time, and expanded movement directions from anterior to lateral. The effectiveness of this treatment has already shown preliminary evidence in pilot studies conducted on older adults and Parkinson's patients with gait impairments. These additional sessions lasted 30 minutes and were conducted three times per week over the 12-week intervention.

Conventional physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease, designed to address key therapeutic objectives such as improving postural control, increasing gait stability, reducing freezing episodes, enhancing coordination, and minimizing fall risk. The program included gait training to promote step initiation and continuity, balance exercises to improve weight shifting and reactive postural adjustments, stretching to maintain joint mobility and reduce rigidity, and psychomotor activities to enhance proprioception and movement planning. The therapy was conducted by two physiotherapists per center, with sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week, over 12 weeks. The pharmacological treatment that participants regularly received was not modified during the intervention to avoid altering the natural progression of the disease.

In addition to conventional therapy, the intervention group followed a treatment protocol using the TCS Fisior® sequential square mat, supervised by a trained physiotherapist from each center. This therapy focused on postural control and gait exercises with progressive intensity: low for the first four weeks, moderate until week eight, and high from weeks nine to twelve. Load progression followed a structured protocol, incorporating increased ankle weights, higher repetitions, reduced rest time, and expanded movement directions from anterior to lateral. The effectiveness of this treatment has already shown preliminary evidence in pilot studies conducted on older adults and Parkinson's patients with gait impairments. These additional sessions lasted 30 minutes and were conducted three times per week over the 12-week intervention.

Conventional physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease, designed to address key therapeutic objectives such as improving postural control, increasing gait stability, reducing freezing episodes, enhancing coordination, and minimizing fall risk. The program included gait training to promote step initiation and continuity, balance exercises to improve weight shifting and reactive postural adjustments, stretching to maintain joint mobility and reduce rigidity, and psychomotor activities to enhance proprioception and movement planning. The therapy was conducted by two physiotherapists per center, with sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week, over 12 weeks. The pharmacological treatment that participants regularly received was not modified during the intervention to avoid altering the natural progression of the disease.

In addition to conventional therapy, the intervention group followed a treatment protocol using the TCS Fisior® sequential square mat, supervised by a trained physiotherapist from each center. This therapy focused on postural control and gait exercises with progressive intensity: low for the first four weeks, moderate until week eight, and high from weeks nine to twelve. Load progression followed a structured protocol, incorporating increased ankle weights, higher repetitions, reduced rest time, and expanded movement directions from anterior to lateral. The effectiveness of this treatment has already shown preliminary evidence in pilot studies conducted on older adults and Parkinson's patients with gait impairments. These additional sessions lasted 30 minutes and were conducted three times per week over the 12-week intervention.

Conventional physiotherapy program for Parkinson's disease, designed to address key therapeutic objectives such as improving postural control, increasing gait stability, reducing freezing episodes, enhancing coordination, and minimizing fall risk. The program included gait training to promote step initiation and continuity, balance exercises to improve weight shifting and reactive postural adjustments, stretching to maintain joint mobility and reduce rigidity, and psychomotor activities to enhance proprioception and movement planning. The therapy was conducted by two physiotherapists per center, with sessions lasting 30 minutes, three times per week, over 12 weeks. The pharmacological treatment that participants regularly received was not modified during the intervention to avoid altering the natural progression of the disease.

In addition to conventional therapy, the intervention group followed a treatment protocol using the TCS Fisior® sequential square mat, supervised by a trained physiotherapist from each center. This therapy focused on postural control and gait exercises with progressive intensity: low for the first four weeks, moderate until week eight, and high from weeks nine to twelve. Load progression followed a structured protocol, incorporating increased ankle weights, higher repetitions, reduced rest time, and expanded movement directions from anterior to lateral. The effectiveness of this treatment has already shown preliminary evidence in pilot studies conducted on older adults and Parkinson's patients with gait impairments. These additional sessions lasted 30 minutes and were conducted three times per week over the 12-week intervention.