Inadequate funding

The outcomes of concurrent EUS-guided intra-tumour injection of P-32 microparticles (OncoSil; OncoSil Medical, Australia) with chemotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma in the local population is uncertain.

The aim of the current study is to assess efficacy and safety of the intervention in the local population. We hypothesis that the intervention is safe and useful for tumour downstaging.

This would be a cohort study including patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer medically fit to receive chemotherapy. Eligible patients would receive gemcitabine (GNP; 28- day cycles). P-32 microparticles (OncoSil; OncoSil Medical) implantation will be planned at weeks 4-5. P-32 activity will be calculated from patients' tumor volume (TV) to deliver 100 Gy absorbed dose, with implantation assessment by EUS and Bremsstrahlung SPECT/CT imaging. The primary endpoint was safety and tolerability, graded using CTCAE v4.0. Response will be assessed using RECIST 1.1 with 8-weekly CT scans and FDG-PET scans at baseline and week 12. The outcome parameters include adverse events, response of the tumour, local progression free survival and overall survival (OS).

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Study participants are ≥ 18 years of age at screening.
2. Histologically or cytologically proven adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.
3. Unresectable locally advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Patients with technically resectable tumours (T1-T3) will also be eligible, if they are deemed unresectable due to medical comorbidities or refusal of surgery.
4. Pancreatic target tumour diameter ≥ 2.0 cm (shortest axis) to ≤ 6.0 cm (longest axis)
5. An ECOG Performance Status of 0 to 1 and Karnofsky Performance Status of 80 - 100.
6. Willing and able to complete study procedures within the study timelines.
7. Adequate renal function: serum creatinine less than 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN).
8. Adequate liver function: Serum SGOT/AST and serum SGPT/SLT < 3 times ULN and serum bilirubin <1.5 times the ULN unless the patient is known to have prior Gilbert's Syndrome.
9. Adequate bone marrow function: white blood cells (WBCs) ≥ 3,000/mm3, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mm3, haemoglobin ≥ 9 g/dL, and platelets ≥ 100,000/mm3.
10. Life expectancy of at least 3 months at the time of screening as judged by the investigator.
11. Not pregnant, and if of childbearing potential, agrees to use adequate birth control (hormonal or barrier method of birth control or abstinence) prior to study entry and during the study and agrees not to donate sperm or ova, for the duration of the study and 12 months post implantation of the investigational device.
12. Provide signed Informed Consent.
13. Technically feasible - tumour must be within reach of the EUS probe for fine needle Injection.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. More than one primary lesion.

2. Any prior radiotherapy or chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer.

3. Use of other investigational agent at the time of screening, or within 30 days or five half-lives of Screening Visit 1, whichever is longer.

4. History of malignancy, treated or untreated, within the past five years whether or not there is evidence of local recurrence or metastases, with the exception of basal cell carcinoma of the skin and cervical carcinoma in situ.

5. Evidence of tumour invasion into stomach, duodenum or peritoneum

6. In the opinion of the investigator, EUS directed implantation posing undue study participant risk. This includes:

   1. Where previous EUS-FNA was considered technically too difficult to perform;
   2. Imaging demonstrates multiple collateral vessels surrounding or adjacent to the target tumour within the pancreas;
   3. Presence (or significant risk) of varices near to the target tumour.

7. A known allergy or history of hypersensitivity to silicon, Phosphorus or any of the OncoSil™ components.

8. Patients who do not consent to chemotherapy

9. Actively on medication that increase bleeding risk (i.e. aspirin, clopidogrel, warfarin, NOAC).

10. Any other health condition that would preclude participation in the study in the judgment of the investigator.

No plan