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To determine whether Airglove™ warming device dilates upper limb veins to the same degree as the warm water immersion (WWI) method.
Failure to cannulate to gain intra-venous access is a common occurrence in patients undergoing chemotherapy, obese patients, intravenous drug users and those with chronic medical problems leading to peripheral venous collapse. Difficulty in gaining IV-access is a serious medical consequence since important life-saving drugs, fluids, blood transfusions, and other medication are usually given via the intravenous route. Most chemotherapy units in the UK rely on venous dilation by immersing the forearm of patients with "difficult to cannulate veins" (DTCV) into a bucket of warm water. There are however, limitations in this method such as controlling water temperature and ensuring proper sterility.
A new device Airglove™ has been developed which directs warm air over the forearm in a polythene sleeve causing venodilation. Preliminary studies in chemotherapy patients suggest that the Airglove™ causes venodilation to the extent of the warm water immersion technique, however further evidence is required with testing on normal healthy volunteers.
Aims and Objectives:
To determine whether Airglove™ warming device dilates upper limb veins to the same degree as the warm water immersion (WWI) method.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Airglove arm | Experimental | Participants on the airglove arm were subjected to warming of their forearms using the Airglove device at 38.5oC. |
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| Warm-water Immersion arm | Experimental | Participants on the WWI arm were subjected to warming by immersing their forearms into a bucket of warm water at 38.5oC. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airglove (TM) | Device | A sterile polythene-balloon was inflated around the forearm using the AirGloveTM to 38.5oC at setting number-3 for 3 minutes, then removed and the degree of venodilation assessed by ultrasound. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Name of Measurement: Change in measurement of vein diameter by ultrasound | MEASUREMENT TOOL: GE Logic S8 multi-frequency linear-array transducer (L6-15MHz), two-dimension B-mode ultrasound | Change from baseline measurements taken within 2 minutes of the intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glasgow Calenonian University | Glasgow | South Lanarkshire | G4 0BA | United Kingdom |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Mar 25, 2019 | Sep 14, 2021 | Prot_000.pdf |
| SAP | No | Yes | No | Statistical Analysis Plan | Apr 30, 2019 | Sep 14, 2021 | SAP_001.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Mar 25, 2019 | Sep 14, 2021 | ICF_002.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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Prospective cross-sectional comparative study
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The investigator and reviewer were masked to the results
| Warm-water Immersion | Device | The upper limbs (to the level of mid-humerus) of participants were immersed in a container filled with a mix of cold-and warm tap-water to 38.5oC for 3 minutes in the WWI method. Arms were towel-dried, and the degree of venodilation was assessed by ultrasound |
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