Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Urdu Version of VISA-A Questionnaire

Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of Urdu Version of Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment - Achilles (VISA-A) Questionnaire for Athletes With Achilles Tendinopathy

This study is designed to translate and validate the VISA-A questionnaire to the Urdu language, to interpret its psychometric properties, and to determine the reliability of scores obtained from the population of Pakistan. The translated version of the gold standard tool will be used by the local population as well as Urdu-speaking immigrants across the globe to better understand and report the severity of their symptoms. Hence, to improve quality of life across cultures, there is a need of standard outcome measures in Urdu language.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Individuals aged over 18 years and both genders.
• Athletic population with the diagnosis of unilateral mid-portion or insertional Achilles tendinopathy, paratendinosis, partial tendon rupture with or without retrocalcaneal bursitis.
• With positive Painful arc sign and Royal London Hospital Test.
• Healthy individuals.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Complete rupture of Achilles tendon,
• Pregnant women and those with any history of radicular pain or lower extremity injury
• Previous surgery