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A prospective randomized controlled double-blinded study will be conducted on 90 patients assigned randomly into three equal groups,
After obtaining approval of the medical and ethical committee of Menoufia University & Nasser Institute for Research and Treatment, an informed and written consent from the patients, a prospective controlled randomized double blinded study will be performed
Sample size:
MedCalc® version 12.3.0.0 program "Ostend, Belgium" was used for calculations of sample size, statistical calculator based on 95% confidence interval and power of the study 80% with α error 5%, According to a previous study (13), showed that the duration of tourniquet time in group A was mean 51.60±5.157 and Group B was mean 53.80±4.773, with p-value >0.05, while Quality of block of excellent in group A 83.3% and group B 90%, it turns out that there is success in the group B compared to group A, but there is no difference. So it can be relied upon in this study, based on this assumption, sample size was calculated according to these values produced a minimal samples size of 86 cases were enough to find such a difference. Assuming a drop-out ratio of 5%, the sample size will be 90 cases, subdivided into three groups 30 cases in each group. Patients will be randomly categorized into three equal groups (30 patients each): The patients will be randomly allocated to one of these three groups, using a computer-generated sequence of random numbers and a sealed envelope technique.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group I | Active Comparator | Patients will receive 3 mg/kg of 2% lignocaine (maximum dose 300 mg) alone diluted with normal saline 0.9% to make the final volume 30 ml |
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| Group II | Active Comparator | Patients will receive 3 mg/kg of 2% lignocaine (maximum dose 300 mg) plus dexmedetomidine 0.25 μg/kg diluted with normal saline 0.9% to make the final volume 30 ml. |
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| Group III | Active Comparator | Patients will receive 3 mg/kg of 2% lignocaine (maximum dose 300 mg) plus dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg diluted with normal saline 0.9% to make the final volume 30 ml |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dexmedetomidine Injectable Solution [Dexdomitor] | Drug | two different doses of dexemedetomidine (0.25 μg /kg and 0.5 μg/kg) as adjunct to lignocaine in intravenous regional anesthesia for upper limb orthopedic surgeries |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| hollmen scale | change from base line for the scale (scale from 1 to 4) | 2 hours |
| modified bromage scale | change from baseline for the scale (scale from 0 to 4 ) | 2 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| visual analogue score | changes in the scale from 0 to 10 | 2 hours |
| ramsey sedation score | changes in the scale from 1 to 4 | 2 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sadek AM Sadek, MD | Menoufia University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Menoufia University | Shibīn al Kawm | Menoufia | 32511 | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020927 | Dexmedetomidine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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| Lidocaine IV | Drug | Intravenous regional anaesthesia |
|