The Mindful Movement Intervention (MMI) targets improved attentional, behavioral and emotional regulation through engagement of the motor system and mindful practice in school-age children. For this project, children will participate in the MMI twice a week for 45 minutes a session for the duration of the academic year. The intervention will be held during school hours to make it more accessible to all students and require fewer additional resources.

Briefly, there are five components that make-up the Mindful Movement Intervention: Biomechanical Warm-ups, Yoga postures, a modified Tai Chi sequence, Imaginative Play, and Reflection.

One goal of this intervention is to help children to develop the skills needed to cope with naturally occurring changes and to adapt to their environment in a mindful, non-reactive manner. In this context, students are learning to control and manage their attention, behavior and emotion through implicit procedural learning.

In this additional component, participants and their families will have access to monthly Mindful Movement activities intended to reinforce concepts discussed in Mindful Movement class and foster familial relationships. The family-based component will include access to lesson plans and accompanying resources (e.g., videos, worksheets, audio tracks) once a month from October through May, that offer strategies to improve awareness of thoughts, emotions, and body. Families will also be expected to track their adherence to the lesson plans and provide feedback via a survey.

In this additional component, participants will have the opportunity to become student instructors and lead younger students in modified instructional classes.

There are five components that together make-up the Mindful Movement Intervention: Biomechanical Warm-ups, Yoga postures, modified Tai Chi sequence, Imaginative Play, and Reflection. During the year, participants will learn a "Simplified" Form of a classic Tai Chi sequence. Yoga movements will be used to prepare participants for the nuanced movements of Tai Chi practice, with both Yoga and Tai Chi providing a physical framework in which participants can track their own progress and begin to understand how to better regulate their attention, behavior and emotional responses. Imaginative Play and Reflection Activities are used to stimulate a deeper curiosity in participants about the everyday use and employment of mindfulness practice and to engage participants.

The Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-symptoms and Normal-behavior (SWAN) rating scale has been developed to measure children's attention skills as well as emotional and behavioral regulatory control. The seven-point questionnaire ranges from +3 (far below average) to -3 (far above average).

Parent and teacher versions of the SWAN will be collected for each participant and subscale and total scores on the SWAN will be assessed at the start of the intervention (month 0), midway through the intervention (month 4) and at the end of the intervention (month 9).

The DuPaul rating scale is used to assess ADHD related behaviors over the past six months. The 18-item scale uses a 4-point Likert scale with 0 = Not at all and 3 = Very Often.

Parent and teacher versions the DuPaul will be collected for each participant and subscale and total scores on the DuPaul will be assessed at the start of the intervention (month 0), midway through the intervention (month 4) and at the end of the intervention (month 9).

The evolution of executive functioning skills will be assessed with the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (DKEFS) Trails.

The DKEFS number-letter switching score will be assessed at the start of the intervention (month 0), midway through the intervention (month 4) and at the end of the intervention (month 9).

The evolution of motor function will be assessed by the Physical and Neurological Examination for Subtle Signs (PANESS). The 32 item motor exam includes possible scores ranging from 0 to 105, with higher scores indicating worse motor function.

The total score, overflow movement score, and dysrhythmia score from the PANESS will be assessed at the start of the intervention (month 0), midway through the intervention (month 4) and at the end of the intervention (month 9).