Psychiatric Comorbidity and quality of life in patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder(case control study )

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder[7] in which a person has certain thoughts repeatedly (called "obsessions") and/or feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (called "compulsions") to an extent that generates distress or impairs general functioning.[1][2] The person is unable to control either the thoughts or activities for more than a short period of time.[1] Common compulsions include excessive hand washing, the counting of things, and checking to see if a door is locked.[1] These activities occur to such a degree that the person's daily life is negatively affected,[1] often taking up more than an hour a day.[2] Most adults realize that the behaviors do not make sense.[1] The condition is associated with tics, anxiety disorder, and an increased risk of suicide.[2][3] The cause is unknown.[1] There appear to be some genetic components, with both identical twins more often affected than both non-identical twins.[2] Risk factors include a history of child abuse or other stress-inducing event.[2] Some cases have been documented to occur following infections.[2] The diagnosis is based on the symptoms and requires ruling out other drug-related or medical causes.[2] Rating scales such as the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) can be used to assess the severity.[8] Other disorders with similar symptoms include anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, eating disorders, tic disorders, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.[2]

Treatment may involve psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or clomipramine.[4][5] CBT for OCD involves increasing exposure to fears and obsessions while preventing the compulsive behavior that would normally accompany the obsessions.[4] Contrary to this, metacognitive therapy encourages the ritual behaviors in order to alter the relationship to one's thoughts about them.[9] While clomipramine appears to work as well as do SSRIs, it has greater side effects and thus is typically reserved as a second-line treatment.[4] Atypical antipsychotics may be useful when used in addition to an SSRI in treatment-resistant cases but are also associated with an increased risk of side effects.[5][10] Without treatment, the condition often lasts decades.[2]

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. both sex 2. age groups : 18 : 60 are included 3. accept to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

- 1. presence of major neurological disease as head trauma and sensory or motor defect as blindness or deafness

2. Active psychiatric disordes 3. patients refuse to participate in the study

1. Psychiatric interview

2. Diagnosis : according to DSM-.5 using Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale for diagnosis and severity

3. Psychiatric comorbidity :

   SCID I -SCID II scale

4. Socioeconomic state

5. Quality of life scale

6. EEG