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Acute appendicitis (AA) is a frequent cause of acute abdominal pain in emergency rooms around the world [1]. The lifetime risk of developing AA is estimated to be about 8% [1-3]. The severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has raised difficult situations for healthcare systems and organizations around the world, with direct and indirect implications for patient care delivery. COVID-19 causes a wide range of clinical symptoms, including fever, dry cough, myalgia, and exhaustion, with pulmonary involvement in many cases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute appendicitis and surgical care is unknown due to a lack of evidence. To see how appendicitis care has changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study compares clinical presentation, investigative modalities, treatment procedures, and outcomes before and after the pandemic.
Acute appendicitis (AA) is a frequent cause of acute abdominal pain in emergency rooms around the world [1]. The lifetime risk of developing AA is estimated to be about 8% [1-3]. The SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has raised difficult situations for healthcare systems and organizations around the world, with direct and indirect implications for patient care delivery. COVID-19 causes a wide range of clinical symptoms, including fever, dry cough, myalgia, and exhaustion, with pulmonary involvement in many cases. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on acute appendicitis and surgical care is unknown due to a lack of evidence. To see how appendicitis care has changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, this study compares clinical presentation, investigative modalities, treatment procedures, and outcomes before and after the pandemic. This is a multicenter prospective cohort study that was conducted for patients presented with Acute Appendicitis (AA).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients in group I (G1) had AA prior to the era of COVID | Placebo Comparator | Patients in group I (G1) had AA prior to the era of COVID |
|
| patients in group II (G2) had AA during COVID | Active Comparator | patients in group II (G2) had AA during COVID |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| appendectomy | Procedure | open or laparoscopic appendectomy |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| the management strategy used | the management strategy used, which included conservative or surgical management (open or laparoscopic). | one month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| clinical presentation | Alverado score from 1 to 10 the worst score is 10 | one month |
| postoperative complications | postoperative complications have been classified by Dindo G1 TO G5 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
patients with acute appendicitis
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ayman El E El Nakeeb | Mansoura University, Gastrointestinal Surgery Center | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ayman El Nakeeb | Al Mansurah | 335111 | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34692596 | Result | Kim CW, Lee SH. Impact of COVID-19 on the care of acute appendicitis: a single-center experience in Korea. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2021 Oct;101(4):240-246. doi: 10.4174/astr.2021.101.4.240. Epub 2021 Oct 1. | |
| 34700020 | Result | Kohler F, Muller S, Hendricks A, Kastner C, Reese L, Boerner K, Flemming S, Lock JF, Germer CT, Wiegering A. Changes in appendicitis treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic - A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2021 Nov;95:106148. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2021.106148. Epub 2021 Oct 23. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| mansoura university | View source |
| ID | Type | URL | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| COVID and acute appendicitis | Study Protocol | View IPD |
the study protocol will be available for other researcher
available for any researcher at any time
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001064 | Appendicitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059413 | Intraabdominal Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D005759 | Gastroenteritis |
| D005767 | Gastrointestinal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001062 | Appendectomy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013505 | Digestive System Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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Two groups of patients were created. Patients in group I (G1) had AA prior to the era of COVID, while patients in group II (G2) had AA during COVID
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| one month |
| the negative appendicectomy rate. | This is normal appendix after appendectomy | one month |
| 34647160 | Result | Zheng Z, Bi JT, Liu YQ, Cai X. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the treatment of acute appendicitis in China. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2022 Jan;37(1):215-219. doi: 10.1007/s00384-021-04031-4. Epub 2021 Oct 13. |
| 34568625 | Result | Al Hashmi FY, Al Zuabi A, Hachim IY, Mannaerts GHH, Bekdache O. Conservative management of acute appendicitis in the era of COVID 19: A multicenter prospective observational study at the United Arab Emirates. Int J Surg Open. 2021 Oct;36:100389. doi: 10.1016/j.ijso.2021.100389. Epub 2021 Aug 25. |
| 34512909 | Result | Farber ON, Gomez GI, Titan AL, Fisher AT, Puntasecca CJ, Arana VT, Kempinsky A, Wise CE, Bessoff KE, Hawn MT, Korndorffer JR Jr, Forrester JD, Esquivel MM. Impact of COVID-19 on presentation, management, and outcomes of acute care surgery for gallbladder disease and acute appendicitis. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2021 Aug 27;13(8):859-870. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i8.859. |
| 34312724 | Result | Rudnicki Y, Soback H, Mekiten O, Lifshiz G, Avital S. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on the incidence and outcome of complicated appendicitis. Surg Endosc. 2022 May;36(5):3460-3466. doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08667-9. Epub 2021 Jul 26. |
| D004066 |
| Digestive System Diseases |
| D002429 | Cecal Diseases |
| D007410 | Intestinal Diseases |