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This project aims to determine whether a novel strength training rehabilitation protocol can diminish the negative consequences of limb immobilization and expedite the restoration of muscle function during retraining in healthy individuals.
The present study will examine the time course of muscle strength and size adaptations in two groups of volunteers during immobilization and retraining. Both groups will undergo temporary muscle disuse by wearing a shoulder sling and swathe on their non-dominant arm for ~≥10 hours/day for four weeks. One group (immobilization + unilateral training) will perform progressive unilateral strength training of the free limb throughout the immobilization period. The other group (immobilization control) will not undergo any training during the immobilization period. Following immobilization, both groups will undergo four weeks of bilateral strength training to retrain the immobilized arm.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Immobilization control | Experimental | The immobilization control group will undergo arm immobilization. Immobilization will be implemented with four weeks of muscle unloading with a sling and swathe on the nondominant arm. The sling will suspend the arm at the elbow joint with the elbow in a flexed position at 90°, the swathe will then wrap around the participant to fix the arm against the body. |
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| Immobilization with unilateral training | Experimental | The immobilization with unilateral training group will undergo arm immobilization for four with a sling and swathe on the nondominant arm. The sling will suspend the arm at the elbow joint with the elbow in a flexed position at 90°, the swathe will then wrap around the participant to fix the arm against the body. The free (non-immobilzed) arm of this group will undergo heavy strength training twice per week throughout the immobilization period. The training will consist of unilateral dumbbell shoulder press and biceps curl. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthopedic immobilization | Procedure | Orthopedic immobilization will be performed with a sling and swathe. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in isometric muscle strength | MVC (Newton) | Changes from baseline at 5 and 10 weeks |
| Changes in dynamic muscle strength | 1RM (lbs) | Changes from baseline at 5 and 10 weeks |
| Changes in muscle size | Ultrasound muscle thickness of biceps brachii and triceps brachii | Changes from baseline at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 weeks |
| Changes in lean mass | DEXA | Changes from baseline at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 weeks |
| Changes in EMG amplitude | Surface EMG | Changes from baseline at 5 and 10 weeks |
| Changes in action potential amplitude | Surface EMG Decomposition | Changes from baseline at 5 and 10 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCU Neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory | Enrolling by invitation | Fort Worth | Texas | 76126 | United States | |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020966 | Muscular Disorders, Atrophic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| Unilateral resistance training | Other | Unilateral resistance training will be performed by the dominant arm of the immobilization + unilateral resistance training group during Phase 1. |
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| Bilateral resistance training | Other | Bilateral resistance training will be performed by both arms in both groups during Phase 2. |
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| TCU RIC |
| Recruiting |
| Fort Worth |
| Texas |
| 76126 |
| United States |
|