Peripheral neuropathies patients will be assessed at baseline, after a 20 session 2-3/w program of physical therapy and at a follow up of 3 months with:

• Total Neuropathy Score-clinical version (TNSc©)
• Nerve conduction studies
• Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36)
• Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
• postural evaluation recording during three different postural tasks (quiet standing, voluntary sway and shoulder flexion):centre of pressure (COP) displacement of force platform; surface muscle activation using electromyography (EMG) of 13 muscle on the right side of the body (tibialis anterior, soleus,gastrocnemius lateralis-medialis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and medialis, tensor fasciae latae, lumbar and thoracic erector spinae and rectus abdominis)
• Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT), Mini Balance Evaluation System Test (MiniBESTest) and Timed Up and Go test (TUG).

Healthy age-matched subjects will receive a postural evaluation recording during three different postural tasks (quiet standing, voluntary sway and shoulder flexion):

• centre of pressure (COP) displacement of force platform;
• surface muscle activation using electromyography (EMG) of 13 muscle on the right side of the body (tibialis anterior, soleus,gastrocnemius lateralis-medialis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and medialis, tensor fasciae latae, lumbar and thoracic erector spinae and rectus abdominis).

The exercise intervention will consist of an individualized prescription of resistance training, balance training and cardiovascular exercises delivered for 20 session, one-hour, two/three times per week.

Multi-muscle Synergy Index (SI) are new measurements of postural stability and a proxy of multi-muscle coordination. Synergy has been defined as a neural organization of a large set of effectors (e.g., muscles) providing stability of salient performance variables (e.g., center of pressure, COP). Within this framework, SI has been introduced, reflecting the relative amount of inter-trial variance that does not affect a performance variable.

ASAs represent changes in an index of a multi-muscle synergy stabilizing the coordinate of the center of pressure (COP). Such changes may be seen in young, healthy persons about 200-300 ms prior to the action initiation.

Evaluation of balance using Mini Balance Evaluation System Test (MiniBESTest). Each item is scored on a 0-4 scale; the scores are summed to obtain a total score of 28. The item are divided in four sessions: anticipatory, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, dynamic gait.

Evaluation of balance using Timed Up and Go test (TUG). It is a measure of the time taken by the patient for rising from a chair, walking three meters, turning and walking back to the chair to sit down.

Evaluation of mobility using Six Minute Walking Test (6MWT). The 6MWT assesses distance walked over six minutes as a sub-maximal test of endurance/aerobic capacity.

Total Neuropathy Score-clinical version (TNSc©)