Study was not started, therefore recruitment did not happen

This study aims to determine if treatment with Carbidopa/Levodopa and Naproxen in females (biological sex) with acute pain after a bunionectomy or toe fusion (24hrs, 48hrs and 5 days) will reduce pain when compared with females receiving Placebo and Naproxen.

Acute post-surgical pain remains commonly treated with opioids. Although such treatments are efficacious, they can lead to opioid dependency. Disturbingly, opioid abuse often began as a direct consequence of prescription medications, primarily for pain management, and post-surgical pain management. Recent studies in from Apkarian lab suggest that the combination of dopamine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory may be a safe, tolerable and efficacious novel post-surgical pain treatment option.

Therefore, the main hypothesis is: patients treated with Carbidopa/Levodopa and Naproxen will show a statistically significant decrease in post-surgical pain when compared with control intervention (Placebo plus Naproxen (250mg)). This will be done through a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial of the pharmacological treatment Carbidopa/Levodopa for females (N = 60) undergoing a bunionectomy or toe fusion surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• female with no racial or ethnic restrictions;
• 18 to 75 years old;
• Have a bunionectomy or toe fusion surgery scheduled;
• must be able to read, understand, and sign consent form;
• generally healthy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Chronic neurologic conditions, e.g., Parkinson's
• pregnancy;
• opioids use 60 mg/day oral morphine milligram equivalent.;
• use of anticoagulants (low dose ASA allowed);
• history of gastric ulcer; renal insufficiency or congestive heart failure,
• contraindication to study medication as determined by surgeon
• Any medical condition that in the investigator's judgment may prevent the individual from completing the study or put the individual at undue risk
• In the judgment of the investigator, unable or unwilling to follow protocol and instructions;
• Diagnosis of psychological diseases, such as major depression; bipolar disorder.

female (biological sex) with no racial or ethnic restrictions