Evaluation of Menstrual Irregularities and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding After Covid-19 Vaccine

Evaluation of Menstrual Irregularities and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding After Covid-19 Vaccine

Covid-19 vaccines offered a good opportunity to counteract the spread of Sars-Cov-2 infection among the general population, reducing significantly both morbidity and mortality.

Nevertheless, after the first and second doses of vaccination (regardless of the type of vaccine used) several women required gynaecological visits claiming menstrual Irregularities or abnormal uterine bleeding. Considering this anecdotal evidence, a questionnaire was designed to investigate systematically whether menstrual Irregularities or abnormal uterine bleeding occurred in a significant percentage of women undergoing first and second doses of covid-19 vaccination.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women who underwent first dose or complete cycle of covid-19 vaccine, regardless of the type of vaccine used.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women undergoing any kind of hormonal therapy, including combined oral contraceptives, oral/vaginal progestins, intrauterine devices, GnRH-analogues, aromatase inhibitors, hormonal replacement therapy in menopause;
• Surgical menopause (hysterectomy and/or bilateral oophorectomy);
• Breastfeeding.