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The investigators intend to compare the effects on the resolution of visual and auditory sensory cues on the resolution of freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
As Parkinson's disease progresses, the patients develop 'Freezing of gait', which make it difficult to initiate gait, turn at the corner, and enter a narrow space. This is considered to be a very important symptom, as it is related to the performance of daily activities, independence of life, and serious injuries caused by falls while walking in Parkinson's disease patients.
It has been found that the use of external sensory stimulation (visual, auditory) can reduce the symptoms of Freezing of Gait, and is used as rehabilitation treatment and instant symptomatic resolution. However, the relative effectiveness of sensory stimulation is not studied yet.
Accordingly, the investigators intend to compare the effects of visual and auditory sensory cues on the resolution of freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parkinson disease group | Experimental | A total of 10 patients in this group will walk under the same conditions (off- state of antiparkinson drugs). Participants will be instructed to walk three laps on a 10-meter track under each of the following three conditions : 1) without stimulation, 2) with visual cues using a laser shoe, 3) with auditory cues using a metronome. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laser shoes | Device | Path Finder® is a device that is fixed to the noses of the patient's shoes using a rubber strap, and laser-marks the place to be stepped on the ground of the opposite foot when walking. It is installed on both feet to relieve the symptoms of freezing of gait. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Number of freezing of gait episodes | The number of occurrences of freezing of gait will be measured in each of the three situations (no sensory stimulation, visual stimulation, and auditory stimulation). | 30 minutes |
| Duration of freezing of gait episodes | The average duration per occurrence of freezing of gait in each of the three situations (no sensory stimulation, visual stimulation, and auditory stimulation) will be measured. | 30 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jun Yup Kim, M.D. | Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea | Seoul | 05368 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19095226 | Background | Bartels AL, Leenders KL. Parkinson's disease: the syndrome, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Cortex. 2009 Sep;45(8):915-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2008.11.010. Epub 2008 Nov 27. | |
| 23625316 | Background | Heremans E, Nieuwboer A, Vercruysse S. Freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: where are we now? Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013 Jun;13(6):350. doi: 10.1007/s11910-013-0350-7. |
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There is no plan to share individual participant data to other researchers.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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This study is a single group pre-post intervention comparison study.
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| Metronome | Device | The metronome, which makes a sound with a constant beat, is known to have an effect on the symptoms of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's disease patients. At a rate of 80 beats per minute, the volume of sound that the patient can fully recognize is set to resolve the freezing of gait using the metronome sound. |
|
| 21724402 | Background | Shine JM, Naismith SL, Lewis SJ. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying freezing of gait in Parkinson's Disease. J Clin Neurosci. 2011 Sep;18(9):1154-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.02.007. Epub 2011 Jul 2. |
| 32322387 | Background | Gao C, Liu J, Tan Y, Chen S. Freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, risk factors and treatments. Transl Neurodegener. 2020 Apr 15;9:12. doi: 10.1186/s40035-020-00191-5. eCollection 2020. |
| 22157432 | Background | Lee SJ, Yoo JY, Ryu JS, Park HK, Chung SJ. The effects of visual and auditory cues on freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson disease. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012 Jan;91(1):2-11. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0b013e31823c7507. |
| 29263221 | Background | Barthel C, Nonnekes J, van Helvert M, Haan R, Janssen A, Delval A, Weerdesteyn V, Debu B, van Wezel R, Bloem BR, Ferraye MU. The laser shoes: A new ambulatory device to alleviate freezing of gait in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2018 Jan 9;90(2):e164-e171. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004795. Epub 2017 Dec 20. |
| 20339591 | Background | Arias P, Cudeiro J. Effect of rhythmic auditory stimulation on gait in Parkinsonian patients with and without freezing of gait. PLoS One. 2010 Mar 22;5(3):e9675. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009675. |
| 1564476 | Background | Hughes AJ, Daniel SE, Kilford L, Lees AJ. Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1992 Mar;55(3):181-4. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181. |
| 37464390 | Derived | An EJ, Sim WS, Kim SM, Kim JY. Suitability of visual cues for freezing of gait in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a case-control pilot study. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2023 Jul 18;20(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s12984-023-01214-8. |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |