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Patients undergoing ACL repair with hamstring autograft frequently develop significant post operative pain at the hamstring grafting site. This pain is within the distribution of a commonly used regional nerve block, the Interspace between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK). The investigators plan to randomize consenting patients to either receiving a SHAM injection of normal saline or to an interventional group of long acting local anesthetic (Ropivacaine) injected in the popliteal fossa between the popliteal artery and capsule of the knee (iPACK). Both groups of patients will receive standard of care with respect to perioperative pain management, which includes a preoperative adductor canal nerve block and preoperative acetaminophen administration. Dual primary endpoints of postoperative pain scores and mean postoperative opioid use will be retrieved and compared between groups. Additional secondary endpoints will be PACU length of stay, PACU opioid use, POD1 opioids use, and POD1 pain scores (best, worst, average).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ropivacaine iPACK | Active Comparator | Patient will receive standard of care for perioperative pain management. In addition, they will receive a single preoperative injection of 20cc of 0.25% Ropivacaine with 1:400,000 epinephrine in the Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee (iPACK). |
|
| Normal Saline iPACK | Sham Comparator | Patient will receive standard of care for perioperative pain management. In addition, they will receive a single preoperative injection of 20cc of 0.9% Normal Saline in the Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and Capsule of the Knee (iPACK). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ropivacaine iPACK Injection | Procedure | Injection of 20mL of 0.25% Ropivacaine with 1:400,000 Epinephrine between in the Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Knee (iPACK) using ultrasound guidance at the level of the femoral condyles |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Median Post Anesthesia Recovery Unit (PACU) Pain Score | Median pain score collected in the PACU following surgery on a scale of 1-10 (1 being no pain, 10 being the worst pain the patient has ever experienced) | From arrival in PACU until patient has been cleared for PACU discharge |
| Total Perioperative Opioid Use (Morphine equivalents) | Intraoperative and Post Operative (in the PACU) opioid use | From time of the start of surgery until time that patient meets PACU discharge criteria |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| PACU Length of Stay (days) | Length of stay from PACU arrival to "ready for discharge" criteria are met | From PACU arrival until criteria for PACU discharge are met |
| PACU Opioid Use (Morphine equivalents) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brenton Alexander, MD | Contact | (858) 657-7000 | bsalexander@health.ucsd.edu | |
| Rodney Gabriel, MD, MAS | Contact | (858) 657-7000 | ragabriel@ucsd.edu |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| D000070598 | Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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Randomized double blind placebo controlled
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The patient will not know which group they are in as they will be injected with either SHAM or Intervention group, which the pharmacy will create. As a result, the anesthesiologist performing the injection and the intraoperative anesthesiologist will also not know if the patient received a SHAM or intervention injection. This will also apply to the PACU nurse. The person performing the data analysis will know which patients received the intervention, as this is required for data analysis.
| Normal Saline iPACK Injection | Procedure | Injection of 20mL of 0.9% Normal Saline between in the Interspace between the Popliteal Artery and the Capsule of the Knee (iPACK) using ultrasound guidance at the level of the femoral condyles |
|
All opioid use in the PACU
| From PACU arrival until criteria for PACU discharge are met |
| Postoperative Day (POD) 1 Opioid Use (Morphine Equivalents) | All Opioid use in the approximate 24 hours following PACU Discharge | Time of discharge from PACU until 24 hours after PACU discharge |
| Best, Worst, Average Pain Scores on POD 1 | Best, Worst and Average pain scores collected on POD 1 following surgery on a scale of 1-10 (1 being no pain, 10 being the worst pain the patient has ever experienced) | For the entire length of post operative day 1 |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D007718 | Knee Injuries |
| D007869 | Leg Injuries |
| D014947 | Wounds and Injuries |