Outcome of Extremely Preterm Infants Who Received Systemic Postnatal Corticosteroid for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Outcome of Extremely Preterm Infants Who Received Systemic Postnatal Corticosteroid for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a complication of prematurity. Postnatal corticosteroid is used to treat the inflammatory part of this pathology, in particular to wean premature infants from the ventilator at the end of the first month of life. However, this therapy remains controversial because it may induce suboptimal neurocognitive development. Parents of infants who receive postnatal corticosteroid should be provided with information about the risks. The objective of our work was to evaluate the respiratory, neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes at 24 months corrected age of extremely preterm infants who received postnatal corticosteroid.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Extremely preterm infants less than 29 weeks' gestation
• Infants hospitalized for at least the first 30 days of life in the neonatology department of the Croix-Rousse Hospital in Lyon
• Infants born between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2016

Exclusion Criteria:

• Infants with a congenital heart, lung or brain malformation
• Infants with a neuromuscular disease
• Infants with a genetic disorder
• Infants who died before the age of 24 months corrected age
• Infants lost to follow-up or with incomplete data at 24 months corrected age