miRNAs in Periodontal Disease

Effects of Smoking on Saliva MicroRNAs Before and After Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Patients With Periodontal Disease

It has been stated that microRNA (miRNA) play an important role in development, homeostasis and immune functions, and abnormal miRNA expression may cause faster disease progression. The aim of this study was to determine miR-203, miR-142-3p, miR-146a, miR-146b, miR-155, miR-29b gene expressions in saliva of the patients with periodontal disease before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) and to evaluate the effect of smoking on these miRNAs. A total of 90 individuals, 30 with periodontitis, 30 with gingivitis, and 30 periodontally healthy (control group), were included. These three groups were divided into subgroups as smoking and non-smoking individuals, with 15 people in each group. NSPT was applied to patients with periodontitis and gingivitis. Saliva samples and clinical parameters were taken from at baseline and repeated 6 weeks after NSPT.

Inclusion Criteria:

Have at least 20 natural teeth, excluding third molars. Periodontitis patients had at least two non-adjacent sites per quadrant with probing depth (PD) ≥ 5 mm and clinical attachment level (CAL) ≥ 5 mm with gingival inflammation, and alveolar bone loss affecting >30% of the teeth, as detected on clinical and radiographical examinations.

Gingivitis patients had without attachment and alveolar bone loss who had gingival inflammation, PD ≤ 3 mm and BOP > 30% in the entire mouth Periodontally healthy control group had no sign of gingival inflammation, no PD > 3mm and no evidence of attachment or bone loss

Exclusion Criteria:

History of systemic disease. Regular use of any drugs which can effect the immune system or inflammatory response in the 6 months preceding the start of the study.

Periodontal treatment during last 6 months that could affect periodontal status.

History of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Current pregnancy, lactation or menopause.