Previous thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have issued various safety concerns including weight gain, bladder cancer, and congestive heart failure (CHF). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone, a novel TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes in real world.

Lobeglitazone have clinical trials conducted in Korean type 2 diabetics patients for 6 months to up to 12 months, and the results of study on the efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone are relatively limited. In pre-marketing clinical trials, a controlled group of patients is enrolled to minimize other possible effects in determining the efficacy and safety of the drug.

Consequently, in real clinical practice, unexpectable safety information that has not been discovered at the pre-marketing stage may accur because it is more extensively and longer administered to a variety of patients who may have various underlying conditions and diseases. Therefore, there should be an ongoing assessment of safety information in real world. There have been the safety concerns of TZD, such as congestive heart failure (CHF), fractures, bladder cancer (long-term use), edema, and weight gain. Previous study has reported that lobeglitazone has better safety on bladder cancers and bone fractures than other TZDs, but currently, there is a lack of large-scaled, long-term safety and efficacy data of lobeglitazone in Korean real practice.

This is a non-interventional, multi-centered, retrospective and observational study and aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lobeglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes in real world.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients with type 2 diabetes who received lobeglitazone 0.5mg for more than one year between February 1, 2014 and December 20, 2018

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients who are not appropriate to participate in this research based on principal investigators' decision

All the patients who satisfy the inlusion and exclusion criteria