This study aims to confirm whether the preventive use of ursodeoxycholic acid on the 5th day after birth in preterm infants who started parenteral nutrition therapy can reduce the occurrence of enteral nutrition-related cholestasis in preterm infants. This study examined the safety and efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in preventing Cholestasis Associated with Total Parenteral Nutrition in preterm infants.

Investigators compared oral administration of UDCA prophylaxis with no prophylaxis in a randomized, open-label, proof-of-concept trial in preterm neonates with PN therapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. admission to the hospital within 24 hours after birth
2. gestational ages:28-32 weeks
3. requiring TPN during the first days of life

Exclusion Criteria:

1. major congenital abnormalities, chromosomal abnormality congenital intrauterine infection, genetic metabolic diseases structural liver abnormality
2. surgical treatment was taken during hospitalization
3. with severe symptoms of digestive system disease before TPN
4. incompletion or withdrawal of treatment during hospitalization