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This study was conducted in order to analyze the validity and reliability, and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS-T) in elder adults. The LEFS was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Turkish. Totally 214 elders were included in the study. The LEFS-T, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSTS), and Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) were applied to all older adults. Item-total correlations of factors and Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficients were determined to examine the reliability. The relationship between the LEFS-T, FTSTS, and FES-I was analyzed. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for construct validity. Spearman Correlation Analysis was used for concurrent validity. Davis technique was used to calculate the content validity index. Floor and ceiling effect were calculated. It has been concluded that the LEFS-T has good psychometric qualities and can be recommended as a choice of measurement tool to assess self-reported physical functioning in elder adults.
Purpose: This study was conducted in order to analyze the validity and reliability, and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS-T) in elder adults.
Method: The LEFS was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Turkish. Totally 214 elders were included in the study. The LEFS-T, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSTS), and Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I) were applied to all older adults. Item-total correlations of factors and Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficients were determined to examine the reliability. The relationship between the LEFS-T, FTSTS, and FES-I was analyzed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used for construct validity. Spearman Correlation Analysis was used for concurrent validity. Davis technique was used to calculate the content validity index. Floor and ceiling effect were calculated.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome measurements | Other | Outcome measurements were applied. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Lower Extremity Functional Scale | The Lower Extremity Functional Scale was translated and cross-culturally adapted to Turkish. Items are scored as a 5-point Likert Scale (0 = extreme difficulty/ unable to perform an activity, 4 = no difficulty). The highest total score of 80 indicates that the person has a high functional level. | seven days |
| Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test | The elders were instructed to stand from a standard chair five consecutive times as fast as possible.The duration of the test was recorded in terms of seconds. Less duration means better performance. | seven days |
| Falls Efficacy Scale International | The Prevention of Falls Network Europe developed the Falls Efficacy Scale International to assess people's fear of falling during daily living activities. The items score between 1 (not at all concerned) to 4 (very concerned). | seven days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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This study included 65 years old and elder adults.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Güzin Kara, PhD | Pamukkale University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pamukkale University | Denizli | Kınıklı/Pamukkale | 20070 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10201543 | Background | Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, Riddle DL. The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS): scale development, measurement properties, and clinical application. North American Orthopaedic Rehabilitation Research Network. Phys Ther. 1999 Apr;79(4):371-83. | |
| 19913388 | Background | Cacchio A, De Blasis E, Necozione S, Rosa F, Riddle DL, di Orio F, De Blasis D, Santilli V. The Italian version of the lower extremity functional scale was reliable, valid, and responsive. J Clin Epidemiol. 2010 May;63(5):550-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.08.001. Epub 2009 Nov 12. |
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