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This study involves patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and asymptomatic brain metastases. This is an open-label, randomized study, comparing the continuation of Osimertinib treatment alone to Osimertinib treatment combined with early intervention stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The current first line of care for EGFR-mutated NSCLC is administration of Osimertinib, a small molecule that penetrates the blood brain barrier (BBB) well and controls majority, but not all, of the brain metastases. We hypothesize that relatively early intervention with SRS to brain metastases that are still visualized by MRI 2 months-post initiation of Osimertinib treatment, LUNG- will improve long term brain control, cognitive abilities and potentially overall survival. Patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC and asymptomatic brain metastases will be treated with Osimertinib for 2 months. Brain MRI scans will be collected pre-Osimertinib and 2 months after treatment start. Patients with asymptomatic brain metastases present after 2 months of Osimertinib will be randomized into one of two study arms. Arm A patients will be treated with SRS while continuing Osimertinib, while arm B patients will continue with Osimertinib alone. Patients will be assessed based on brain and whole body progression by RECIST. Patients will also be assessed for CNS-PFS and body-PFS, cognitive function, Quality of life and overall survival status via routine follow-up tests.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Early SRS treatment with SoC | Experimental | Stereotactic surgery (SRS) to the brain metastases and continuation of Osimertinib, at 2 month (8 weeks) post Osimertinib start |
|
| SoC Tagrisso treatment only | Active Comparator | continuation of osimertinib alone |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stereotactic surgery | Radiation | At two month (8 weeks) post Osimertinib start, patients will be randomized into one of the two study arms. Arm A patients will be treated with stereotactic surgery (SRS). In both arms Osimertinib treatment will continue. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Brain control: CNS-PFS | Lesions that did not disappear after two months of Osimertinib treatment will be better controlled with SRS | Change in lesion size in the CNS will be followed and assessed at screen, Randomization, 2 month after Randomization, then every 3 month |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| whole body PFS | Whole body progression will be delayed when Osimertinib is combined with early treatment of SRS | Change in lesion size in the whole body will be followed and assessed at screen, Randomization, 2 month after Randomization, then every 3 month |
| Cognitive function |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Newly diagnosed metastatic NSCLC, not amenable to curative surgery or curative radiotherapy.
Documented EGFR mutation (at any time since the initial diagnosis of NSCLC) known to be sensitive to Osimertinib - These include exon 19 del; L858R (exon 21); G719X (exon 18); L861G (exon 21); S768I (exon 20) and T790M (exon 20) NOTE: Mutation analysis is to be done as per local practice.
An MRI showing brain metastases. At randomization, number of brain lesions is under 20. Patients with over 20 brain lesions at randomization MRI will be suitable for whole brain radiation, and will not be randomized.
Brain metastases are asymptomatic or with minor symptoms (ECOG≤2) at study randomization.
ECOG performance status ≤2 and a minimum life expectancy of at least 6 months
Must be eligible and receive Osimertinib as their anti EGFR TKI at time of randomization.
Must be eligible for SRS treatment at time of randomization.
Provided written informed consent.
Be male or female and at least 18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent.
Female patients:
Male patients who are willing to use barrier contraception (i.e. condoms) until 4 months after the final dose of study treatment.
Exclusion Criteria:
a. Prior treatment with:
Anti EGFR TKI treatment.
Checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy for metastatic NSCLC.
Whole brain radiation (WBRT) and/or Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS).
Medications or herbal supplements known to be potent inducers of CYP3A4 and are unable to stop use within the recommended wash out period prior to receiving the first dose of Osimertinib.
An investigational drug within five half-lives of the compound.
Any other cytotoxic chemotherapy, investigational agents or other anticancer drugs from a previous treatment regimen or clinical study within 14 days of entry to the study.
b. Systemic progression under Osimertinib treatment between screen and randomization systemic scan, per RECIST1.1.
c. Spinal cord compression unless asymptomatic and stable. d. Leptomeningeal disease. e. Moderate or severe symptomatic brain metastases defined as per Radiation Therapy Oncology Group acute morbidity grade 3 to 4.
NOTE: Grade 3 refers to neurological findings requiring hospitalization for initial management. Grade 4 refers to serious neurological impairment including paralysis, coma or seizures more than three times per week despite medication and requires hospitalization.
f. Any evidence of severe or uncontrolled systemic diseases, including uncontrolled hypertension and active bleeding diatheses, which in the investigator's opinion makes it undesirable for the patient to participate in the trial or which would jeopardize compliance with the protocol, or active infection including hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Screening for chronic conditions is not required.
g. Refractory nausea and vomiting, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, inability to swallow the formulated product or previous significant bowel resection that would preclude adequate absorption of Osimertinib.
h. Involvement in the planning and conduct of the study i. Judgement by the investigator that the patient should not participate in the study if the patient is unlikely to comply with study procedures, restrictions and requirements.
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amichay Meirovitz, MD, MBA | Contact | 972-2-6776735 | amichaym@hadassah.org.il | |
| Philip Blumenfeld, MD | Contact | philipb@hadassah.org.il |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hadassah Ein Kerem Medical Center | Recruiting | Jerusalem | 9112001 | Israel |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31912902 | Background | Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020 Jan;70(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21590. Epub 2020 Jan 8. | |
| 25056707 | Background | Chen Z, Fillmore CM, Hammerman PS, Kim CF, Wong KK. Non-small-cell lung cancers: a heterogeneous set of diseases. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014 Aug;14(8):535-46. doi: 10.1038/nrc3775. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Grambsch, P. M., \& Therneau, T. M. (1994). Proportional hazards tests and diagnostics based on weighted residuals. Biometrika, 81(3), 515-526 | View source |
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Data for individual participants will be collected anonymously via the study CRF, data will be analyzed statistically and published.
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Patient cognitive function will improve after SRS treatment |
| Change in patient cognitive function will be followed and assessed at screen, Randomization, 2 month after Randomization, then every 3 month |
| Quality of life (QOL) | Patient QOL will improve after SRS treatment | Change in patient quality of life will be followed and assessed at screen, Randomization, 2 month after Randomization, then every 3 month |
| Time to whole brain radiation | Time until whole brain radiation will be given will prolong for patients who receive early SRS treatment | Status will be checked at every visit and follow up |
| Overall survival (OS) | Patient OS will improve after SRS treatment | Status will be checked at every visit and follow up |
| 24439929 | Background | Wu YL, Zhou C, Hu CP, Feng J, Lu S, Huang Y, Li W, Hou M, Shi JH, Lee KY, Xu CR, Massey D, Kim M, Shi Y, Geater SL. Afatinib versus cisplatin plus gemcitabine for first-line treatment of Asian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring EGFR mutations (LUX-Lung 6): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb;15(2):213-22. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70604-1. Epub 2014 Jan 15. |
| 25589191 | Background | Yang JC, Wu YL, Schuler M, Sebastian M, Popat S, Yamamoto N, Zhou C, Hu CP, O'Byrne K, Feng J, Lu S, Huang Y, Geater SL, Lee KY, Tsai CM, Gorbunova V, Hirsh V, Bennouna J, Orlov S, Mok T, Boyer M, Su WC, Lee KH, Kato T, Massey D, Shahidi M, Zazulina V, Sequist LV. Afatinib versus cisplatin-based chemotherapy for EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma (LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6): analysis of overall survival data from two randomised, phase 3 trials. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Feb;16(2):141-51. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71173-8. Epub 2015 Jan 12. |
| 8024825 | Background | Teijeira S, Navarro C. [Dystrophinopathies: concept and diagnostic methodology]. Neurologia. 1994 May;9(5):191-7. No abstract available. Spanish. |
| 28520828 | Background | Martinez P, Mak RH, Oxnard GR. Targeted Therapy as an Alternative to Whole-Brain Radiotherapy in EGFR-Mutant or ALK-Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer With Brain Metastases. JAMA Oncol. 2017 Sep 1;3(9):1274-1275. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.1047. |
| 28113019 | Background | Magnuson WJ, Lester-Coll NH, Wu AJ, Yang TJ, Lockney NA, Gerber NK, Beal K, Amini A, Patil T, Kavanagh BD, Camidge DR, Braunstein SE, Boreta LC, Balasubramanian SK, Ahluwalia MS, Rana NG, Attia A, Gettinger SN, Contessa JN, Yu JB, Chiang VL. Management of Brain Metastases in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Naive Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Multi-Institutional Analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Apr 1;35(10):1070-1077. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.69.7144. Epub 2017 Jan 23. |
| 34074804 | Background | Duggirala KB, Lee Y, Lee K. Chronicles of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Targeting EGFR C797S Containing Triple Mutations. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2022 Jan 1;30(1):19-27. doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2021.047. |
| 30032853 | Background | Wang C, Lu X, Lyu Z, Bi N, Wang L. Comparison of up-front radiotherapy and TKI with TKI alone for NSCLC with brain metastases and EGFR mutation: A meta-analysis. Lung Cancer. 2018 Aug;122:94-99. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.05.014. Epub 2018 May 18. |
| 21345607 | Background | Wang J, Xia TY, Wang YJ, Li HQ, Li P, Wang JD, Chang DS, Liu LY, Di YP, Wang X, Wu WZ. Prospective study of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors concurrent with individualized radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Nov 1;81(3):e59-65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.12.035. Epub 2011 Feb 23. |
| 30619745 | Background | Du XJ, Pan SM, Lai SZ, Xu XN, Deng ML, Wang XH, Yao DC, Wu SX. Upfront Cranial Radiotherapy vs. EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Alone for the Treatment of Brain Metastases From Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of 1465 Patients. Front Oncol. 2018 Dec 12;8:603. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00603. eCollection 2018. |
| 21121789 | Background | Chang WS, Kim HY, Chang JW, Park YG, Chang JH. Analysis of radiosurgical results in patients with brain metastases according to the number of brain lesions: is stereotactic radiosurgery effective for multiple brain metastases? J Neurosurg. 2010 Dec;113 Suppl:73-8. doi: 10.3171/2010.8.GKS10994. |
| 23205782 | Background | Mohammadi AM, Recinos PF, Barnett GH, Weil RJ, Vogelbaum MA, Chao ST, Suh JH, Marko NF, Elson P, Neyman G, Angelov L. Role of Gamma Knife surgery in patients with 5 or more brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 2012 Dec;117 Suppl:5-12. doi: 10.3171/2012.8.GKS12983. |
| 22631694 | Background | Grandhi R, Kondziolka D, Panczykowski D, Monaco EA 3rd, Kano H, Niranjan A, Flickinger JC, Lunsford LD. Stereotactic radiosurgery using the Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion unit in the management of patients with 10 or more brain metastases. J Neurosurg. 2012 Aug;117(2):237-45. doi: 10.3171/2012.4.JNS11870. Epub 2012 May 25. |
| 25035099 | Background | Gerstenecker A, Nabors LB, Meneses K, Fiveash JB, Marson DC, Cutter G, Martin RC, Meyers CA, Triebel KL. Cognition in patients with newly diagnosed brain metastasis: profiles and implications. J Neurooncol. 2014 Oct;120(1):179-85. doi: 10.1007/s11060-014-1543-x. Epub 2014 Jul 18. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002289 | Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung |
| D001932 | Brain Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002283 | Carcinoma, Bronchogenic |
| D001984 | Bronchial Neoplasms |
| D008175 | Lung Neoplasms |
| D012142 | Respiratory Tract Neoplasms |
| D013899 | Thoracic Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D016543 | Central Nervous System Neoplasms |
| D009423 | Nervous System Neoplasms |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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