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Background: Disinformation has become an increasing societal concern, especially due to the speed that news is shared in the current digital era. In particular in the healthcare sector disinformation can lead to serious casualties, as the current COVID-19 crisis clearly shows.
Objective: The main aim of this study was to experimentally examine the effects of information about the source's and a displayed protective warning message on users' critical evaluation of news items, as well as the perception of accuracy of the news item.
Methods: A 3(unreliable versus reliable versus no identified source) x 2 (protective message: with versus without) between subject design has been conducted among 307 participants (mean age = 29 years, SD = 10.9 years).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| unreliable source | Experimental | In this condition participants receive a news message from an unreliable source |
|
| reliable source | Experimental | In this condition participants receive a news message from an reliable source |
|
| no source | Experimental | In this condition participants receive a news message without a source |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Source of news | Behavioral | The main intervention was the source of the news that was shown to participants |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Critical evaluation of source and news | questionnaire | immediately after exposure, 5 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tilburg School of Humanities and Digital Sciences | Tilburg | Netherlands |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35357314 | Derived | Folkvord F, Snelting F, Anschutz D, Hartmann T, Theben A, Gunderson L, Vermeulen I, Lupianez-Villanueva F. Effect of Source Type and Protective Message on the Critical Evaluation of News Messages on Facebook: Randomized Controlled Trial in the Netherlands. J Med Internet Res. 2022 Mar 31;24(3):e27945. doi: 10.2196/27945. |
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Upon reasonable request we will decide to share the data with other researchers
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