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The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of smart glasses (Head-mounted display Moverio BT-300 (Epson Inc., USA)) on the first-attempt success rate of radial artery cannulation in pediatric patients by less experienced trainees. This study hypothesizes that the use of smart glasses improves the hand-eye coordination and the first-attempt success rate of radial artery cannulation. This is a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled study comparing the real-time ultrasound image through smart glasses (intervention group) or the ultrasound machine's monitor (control group) during the radial arterial cannulation in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia by less experienced trainees.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smart Glasses | Experimental | The real-time ultrasound image is displayed through head-mounted display Moverio BT-300 (Epson Inc., USA) during the radial arterial cannulation. |
|
| Control | Active Comparator | The real-time ultrasound image is displayed by the ultrasound machine's monitor during the radial arterial cannulation. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Smart glasses | Device | The real-time ultrasound image is displayed through head-mounted display Moverio BT-300 (Epson Inc., USA) during the radial arterial cannulation. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| First attempt success rate | Success at the first skin puncture | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Size of radial artery | Internal diameter of radial artery | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| depth of radial artery | depth of radial artery from the skin |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jin-Tae Kim, MD, PhD | Seoul National University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jin-Tae Kim | Seoul | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27106964 | Background | White L, Halpin A, Turner M, Wallace L. Ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation in adult and paediatric populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Anaesth. 2016 May;116(5):610-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/aew097. | |
| 28682811 | Background | Kim EH, Lee JH, Song IK, Kim JT, Lee WJ, Kim HS. Posterior Tibial Artery as an Alternative to the Radial Artery for Arterial Cannulation Site in Small Children: A Randomized Controlled Study. Anesthesiology. 2017 Sep;127(3):423-431. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000001774. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000080310 | Smart Glasses |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000076251 | Wearable Electronic Devices |
| D055615 | Electrical Equipment and Supplies |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
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| Control | Device | The real-time ultrasound image is displayed by the ultrasound machine's monitor during the radial arterial cannulation. |
|
| During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Overall attempt | Number of attempt of radial artery cannulation | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Ultrasound image time | From ultrasound probe application, to get radial artery image on the ultrasound screen | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Arterial cannulation time | From needle puncture, to Arterial waveform | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Overall Procedure time | From ultrasound probe application, to Arterial waveform | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Overall success rate | Success within 2 skin puncture and within 10 minutes at the chosen radial artery | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Malfunction of radial artery catheter | Malfunction of Invasive blood pressure monitoring, Sampling | After radial artery cannulation assessed during anesthesia (up to 24 hour) |
| Complication rate | Hematoma, Distal ischemia, Spasm accessed by ultrasound | After radial artery cannulation assessed up to PACU, PICU stay (up to 24 hour) |
| Operator's experience | The prior experience of the operator's in ultrasound-guided vascular cannulation (5-10 cannulations, 10-30 cannulations, 30-50 cannulations, 50-100 cannulations) | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| Operator's satisfaction | Operator's satisfaction, 5 scale (Worst, Poor, Acceptable, Good, Best) | During radial artery cannulation (up to 1 hour) |
| 22735300 | Background | Cuper NJ, de Graaff JC, Hartman BJ, Verdaasdonk RM, Kalkman CJ. Difficult arterial cannulation in children: is a near-infrared vascular imaging system the answer? Br J Anaesth. 2012 Sep;109(3):420-6. doi: 10.1093/bja/aes193. Epub 2012 Jun 26. |
| 23628835 | Background | Ishii S, Shime N, Shibasaki M, Sawa T. Ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization in infants and small children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013 Jun;14(5):471-3. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e31828a8657. |
| 26986774 | Background | Song IK, Choi JY, Lee JH, Kim EH, Kim HJ, Kim HS, Kim JT. Short-axis/out-of-plane or long-axis/in-plane ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation in children: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2016 Jul;33(7):522-7. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000000453. |
| 29373710 | Background | Maruyama K, Watanabe E, Kin T, Saito K, Kumakiri A, Noguchi A, Nagane M, Shiokawa Y. Smart Glasses for Neurosurgical Navigation by Augmented Reality. Oper Neurosurg. 2018 Nov 1;15(5):551-556. doi: 10.1093/ons/opx279. |
| 23151422 | Background | Ueda K, Puangsuvan S, Hove MA, Bayman EO. Ultrasound visual image-guided vs Doppler auditory-assisted radial artery cannulation in infants and small children by non-expert anaesthesiologists: a randomized prospective study. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Feb;110(2):281-6. doi: 10.1093/bja/aes383. Epub 2012 Nov 14. |
| 28688136 | Background | Anantasit N, Cheeptinnakorntaworn P, Khositseth A, Lertbunrian R, Chantra M. Ultrasound Versus Traditional Palpation to Guide Radial Artery Cannulation in Critically Ill Children: A Randomized Trial. J Ultrasound Med. 2017 Dec;36(12):2495-2501. doi: 10.1002/jum.14291. Epub 2017 Jul 8. |
| 38517311 | Derived | Kim JT, Park JB, Kang P, Ji SH, Kim EH, Lee JH, Kim HS, Jang YE. Effectiveness of head-mounted ultrasound display for radial arterial catheterisation in paediatric patients by anaesthesiology trainees: A randomised clinical trial. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2024 Jul 1;41(7):522-529. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001985. Epub 2024 Mar 21. |