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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| R01AG067073-01A1 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Institute on Aging (NIA) | NIH |
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Nicotine enhances auditory-cognitive function because it mimics the brain's system for "paying attention" to important sounds amid distractions (for example, understanding speech in a noisy environment). In part, nicotine does this by activating inhibitory neurons in the auditory cortex. Since age-related hearing deficits result, in part, from the loss of inhibitory neurons in auditory cortex, this project will determine whether nicotine's effects can compensate for reduced inhibition in the aging auditory cortex and thereby restore auditory function.
The investigators will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure the selectivity of responses in auditory cortex to tones of various frequencies. The investigators will measure the effects of nicotine (administered as chewing gum) and aging on these fMRI response properties. The investigators hypothesize that frequency selectivity will decrease with aging and increase following nicotine administration.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Young (18-28 years) participants - nicotine gum | Experimental | 6 mg nicotine gum, one time before fMRI measurements |
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| Old (60-85 years) participants - nicotine gum | Experimental | 6 mg nicotine gum, one time before fMRI measurements |
|
| Young (18-28 years) participants - placebo gum | Placebo Comparator | placebo gum, one time before fMRI measurements |
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| Old (60-85 years) participants - placebo gum | Placebo Comparator | placebo gum, one time before fMRI measurements |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nicotine gum | Drug | The effects of over-the-counter nicotine gum will be compared to a placebo gum |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| frequency tuning of excitatory auditory fMRI cortical responses | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses to pure tone stimuli ranging from 88-8000 Hz will be recorded. For each voxel in objectively identified auditory cortical area, a tuning curve model will be fit to the data. One of the parameters of this model is the width of frequency tuning of excitatory responses, and this is the primary outcome measure. | Functional MRI recordings will begin approximately 30 minutes after oral administration of polacrilex or placebo gum and will continue for up to two hours. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| frequency tuning of inhibitory auditory fMRI cortical responses | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses to pure tone stimuli ranging from 88-8000 Hz will be recorded. For each voxel in objectively identified auditory cortical area, a tuning curve model will be fit to the data. One of the parameters of this model is the width of frequency tuning of inhibitory responses, and this is Outcome 2. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael A Silver, PhD | Contact | 5106423130 | masilver@berkeley.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Michael A Silver, PhD | University of California, Berkeley | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, Berkeley | Recruiting | Berkeley | California | 94720 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000074164 | Nicotine Chewing Gum |
| D061485 | Tobacco Use Cessation Devices |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002638 | Chewing Gum |
| D053149 | Plant Gums |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 |
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Nicotine (6 mg, polacrilex gum) and placebo will be administered to each participant in separate sessions in a within-subject double-blind randomized crossover design. Subjects will be in either a young (18-28 years) or old (60-85 years) group.
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| Placebo gum | Other | The effects of over-the-counter nicotine gum will be compared to a placebo gum |
|
| Functional MRI recordings will begin approximately 30 minutes after oral administration of polacrilex or placebo gum and will continue for up to two hours. |
| amplitude of excitatory auditory fMRI cortical responses | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses to pure tone stimuli ranging from 88-8000 Hz will be recorded. For each voxel in objectively identified auditory cortical area, a tuning curve model will be fit to the data. One of the parameters of this model is the amplitude of excitatory responses, and this is Outcome 3. | Functional MRI recordings will begin approximately 30 minutes after oral administration of polacrilex or placebo gum and will continue for up to two hours. |
| amplitude of inhibitory auditory fMRI cortical responses | Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses to pure tone stimuli ranging from 88-8000 Hz will be recorded. For each voxel in objectively identified auditory cortical area, a tuning curve model will be fit to the data. One of the parameters of this model is the amplitude of inhibitory responses, and this is Outcome 4. | Functional MRI recordings will begin approximately 30 minutes after oral administration of polacrilex or placebo gum and will continue for up to two hours. |
| Macromolecular Substances |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D002182 | Candy |
| D005502 | Food |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |