The aim of this recall study is to evaluate outcomes of surgical regenerative treatment of periodontal defects in a cohort of patient previously treated for gum disease at the Royal London Hospital as part of their periodontal care.

This study will be divided in two parts:

Part 1: a retrospective analysis of short-term outcomes of periodontal regenerative procedures undertaken at the Barts Royal London Dental Hospital (RLDH); Part 2: a single recall visit study in which patients identified through part 1 and willing to consent for the study will be reassessed for medium-term outcomes of the regenerative procedures previously undertaken.

For part 1 historic data will be collected from available dental records at RLDH and divided in:

• Timepoint 0: the latest available full mouth periodontal assessment before surgery and x-ray of site/s needing surgical intervention
• Timepoint 1: the latest available full mouth periodontal assessment after surgery and x-ray of same site/s at Timepoint 0

For part 2 data will be collected from patients identified through part 1 and willing to give consent for a single study recall visit:

•Timepoint 2: single study outcome recall visit (full mouth periodontal assessment and x-ray of same site/s at Timepoint 0).

Due to the nature of the study, the time elapsed between Timepoint 0 and Timepoint 2 can vary between 1 and 4 years.

Inclusion Criteria:

Inclusion criteria for part 1 of the study:

• Patient age 18 and older
• Patients that received periodontal regenerative surgical treatment at Barts RLDH from January 2017 to January 2019 with and without the use of any biomaterials, bone graft/substitute and membrane or combinations of those.
• Available full periodontal examination records after non surgical therapy to serve as a baseline for the study and not beyond 12 months before surgery
• Available radiographic examination of the tooth treated with surgical regenerative procedure at initial examination or after non surgical therapy to serve as a baseline for the study.

Additional inclusion criteria for part 2:

-Patient able and willing to give informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

Exclusion criteria for part 1:

• All the patients that do not match the inclusion criteria will be excluded from part 1.
• Patients that received regenerative surgical treatment for the management of gingival recession.

Exclusion criteria for part 2:

• Unable or unwilling to give consent
• Pregnant women

A cohort of patients that underwent surgical periodontal regenerative treatment at RLDH between January 2017 and January 2019 will be the study population for part 1 of the study.

For the part 2 of the study these patients will be contacted and asked to participate in the recall study. The patients willing to participate into the single recall visit outcome study will form the study population for part 2.