Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a major complication which may result in adverse impact on short- and long-term mortality. The investigatorshere developed several prediction models based on machine learning technique to allow early identification of patients who at the high risk of unfavorable kidney outcomes.

The retrospective study comprised 2108 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac surgery from January 2017 to December 2020.

Inclusion Criteria:

• age over 18 years who underwent cardiac surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• data miss greater than 10%

age over 18 years who underwent cardiac surgery