A total of 153 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction by VFF were included from Jan 1999 to Dec 2019. The mandibular resection and reconstruction were performed by four experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Reasons for reconstruction were oncologic, osteoradionecrosis, trauma, and osteoporosis. All the patients were followed up postoperatively for at least one year. Eighteen pairs were formed with the matched cohort consisting of a total of 36 patients who underwent primary mandibular reconstruction without additional combined flaps. The surgery-related and patient-related continuous and categorical parameters were assessed in both groups.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clinical diagnosis of head and neck cancer
• Received mandibular reconstruction
• All patients were followed up postoperatively for at least one year

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients received bone graft for jaw reconstruction before mandibular reconstruction

A total of 153 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction by VFF were included from Jan 1999 to Dec 2019.