Predicting Poor Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Using Novel Biomarkers

Predicting Poor Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Using Novel Biomarkers

The aim of this study was to identify and validate novel biomarkers including functional tests for detecting AKI, AKI progression and other poor outcomes.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is the second most common type of AKI after septic AKI and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The progression of AKI with multiple organ failure can result in poor outcomes. Several novel biomarkers for earlier detection of AKI, discrimination of etiologies, and prediction of outcomes were developed. However, the availability of these novel biomarkers may be limited by its expense or reimbursement issues in different countries. In present study, we conduct a large cohort to identify and validate novel biomarkers including functional tests for detecting AKI, AKI progression and other poor outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively screened, and those who developed AKI within 48 hours post-surgery were included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of End Stage Renal Disease or on Dialysis;
• prior kidney transplantation;
• patients with a DNR order;
• patients without written informed consent;
• pregnancy;
• moribund patients with expected death within 24 h or whose survival to 28 days was unlikely due to an uncontrollable comorbidity (i.e., end-stage liver or heart disease, untreatable malignancy)