1. Exploit CT (plain scan), enhanced CT and fMRI based radiomic biomarkers, explore their correlation with the prognostic molecular markers of spinal GCTB(p53/vegf/rank/rankl…), and help accurate diagnosis of GCTB.
2. Exploring a new method of preoperative risk stratification for spinal GCTB, and establishing radiomic model combined with clinical features. Exploring the GCTB biological behavior prediction model and the prognosis prediction of GCTB.

This study intends to conduct a systematic review of patients with spinal GCTB who have undergone standardized imaging (CT or MRI) in our hospital since 2006 to obtain case samples, conduct standardized clinical and imaging data extraction and analysis, and fully integrate histopathology and clinical follow-up results. To preliminarily explore the value of postoperative imaging-based radiomics markers in the preoperative precise diagnosis of spinal GCTB, risk stratification and prediction of tumor biological behavior.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed with spinal GCTB who underwent surgical resection or biopsy without preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy were included in this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• i) The CT scan was performed more than 1 week before surgery ii) Poor image quality. Such as surrounding structure artifacts; iii) The remaining tumor tissue in the postoperative paraffin specimen is too little to be used for reanalysis; iv) Cases with negative H3F3A (H3 histone, family 3A) staining were excluded; v) Incomplete clinical information.

Patients diagnosed with spinal GCTB