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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Philadelphia Department of Public Health | OTHER_GOV |
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To reach herd immunity for COVID-19, experts estimate that 70% of the population will need to be vaccinated. However, vaccination rates have begun to slow down in the United States. The investigators will partner with Philadelphia to launch a COVID-19 vaccination sweepstakes, in which residents will be eligible to win if they have received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine prior to a given drawing. Drawings will be held every two weeks; multiple prizes of various sizes will be awarded in each drawing. Half of the prizes in each size category in each drawing will be awarded to residents of a zip code that is randomly selected from a pre-defined list of under-vaccinated zip codes (this zip code will be announced at the start of each 2-week drawing period), the other half will be awarded to residents outside of that selected zip code. The investigators will analyze vaccination rates in Philadelphia as compared with neighboring regions before, during, and after the specified time period, as well as analyze vaccination rates in the three selected zip codes compared to the other zip codes that could have been targeted (the residual set of under-vaccinated zip codes) to determine the effectiveness of the sweepstakes at encouraging vaccinations.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | No Intervention | No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes. | |
| Selected Zip Code Treatment | Experimental | Selected Zip Code Treatment participants will have a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents in the selected zip code. |
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| All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment | Experimental | All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment participants will be eligible for the sweepstakes. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents outside of the selected zip code. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philly Vax Sweepstakes | Behavioral | The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Weekly Vaccinations Per 100k Residents | The primary outcome is the weekly vaccinations (per 100k residents) for residents receiving a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccination in each zip/county/city, relative to the control group. The vaccination data was measured by local health departments and the residency data was measured by the U.S. Census. The investigators included data from 5 weeks of pre-intervention, 6 weeks of intervention, and 4 weeks of post-intervention. Weekly Vaccinations per 100k Residents = 100,000 * Total residents receiving a first dose that week / Total residents in that zip/county/city code as measured by the Census or other official sources, at the most recent date available for all geographies of interest. | 15 Weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Pennsylvania | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19104 | United States |
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For our sweepstakes cash prizes, selected ZIP Codes with a high selection of cash prize winners (12 residents in each drawing) were 19126, 19133, and 19142 during Periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Control | No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes. |
| FG001 | Selected Zip Code Treatment | For our sweepstakes cash prizes, selected ZIP Codes with a high selection of cash prize winners (12 residents in each drawing) were 19126, 19133, and 19142 during Periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively. |
| FG002 | All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment | Philadelphia has 46 residential zip codes. During each treatment period one of these zip codes was randomly chosen to be the selected zip code. The other 43 zip codes were therefore in the All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Treatment Period (6/7/21-6/20/21) |
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| Second Treatment Period (6/21/21-7/5/21) |
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| Third Treatment Period (7/6/21-7/19/21) |
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Investigators did not collect demographic data as a part of this study. Instead, we used publicly available CDC data on the number of vaccinations per zip code.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Control | No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes. |
| BG001 | Selected Zip Code Treatment |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Customized | As the analysis population was all residents in target Philadelphia zip codes, demographic information including age was not available to investigators and was not collected as a part of this study. |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Weekly Vaccinations Per 100k Residents | The primary outcome is the weekly vaccinations (per 100k residents) for residents receiving a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccination in each zip/county/city, relative to the control group. The vaccination data was measured by local health departments and the residency data was measured by the U.S. Census. The investigators included data from 5 weeks of pre-intervention, 6 weeks of intervention, and 4 weeks of post-intervention. Weekly Vaccinations per 100k Residents = 100,000 * Total residents receiving a first dose that week / Total residents in that zip/county/city code as measured by the Census or other official sources, at the most recent date available for all geographies of interest. | Posted | Number | Weekly Vaccinations per 100k Residents | 15 Weeks |
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6 weeks during the lottery period, from 6/7/21 until 7/19/21.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Control | No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Katherine Milkman | University of Pennsylvania | 215-573-9646 | bcfg@wharton.upenn.edu |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jun 7, 2021 | Feb 10, 2022 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
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|
| NOT COMPLETED |
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| NOT COMPLETED |
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A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians won three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 were chosen over three drawings (i.e. treatment periods), with 12 residents chosen in each drawing. Selected Zip Code Treatment participants won half of these prizes and therefore had a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. A total of three zip codes were selected over the course of the Philly Vax Sweepstakes, one during each of the three treatment periods (19126 during period 1, 19133 during period 2, 19142 during period 3).
| BG002 | All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment | Philadelphia has 46 residential zip codes. During each treatment period one of these zip codes was randomly chosen to be the selected zip code. The other 43 zip codes were therefore in the All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment. |
| BG003 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| Count of Participants |
| Participants |
|
| Sex/Gender, Customized | As the analysis population was all residents in target Philadelphia zip codes, demographic information including sex was not available to investigators and was not collected as a part of this study. | Number | participants |
|
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
| OG001 | Selected Zip Code Treatment | A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians won three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 were chosen over three drawings (i.e. treatment periods), with 12 residents chosen in each drawing. Selected Zip Code Treatment participants won half of these prizes and therefore had a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. A total of three zip codes were selected over the course of the Philly Vax Sweepstakes, one during each of the three treatment periods (19126 during period 1, 19133 during period 2, 19142 during period 3). |
| OG002 | All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment | Philadelphia has 46 residential zip codes. During each treatment period one of these zip codes was randomly chosen to be the selected zip code. The other 43 zip codes were therefore in the All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment. |
|
|
| 0 |
| 2,585,846 |
| 0 |
| 2,585,846 |
| 0 |
| 2,585,846 |
| EG001 | Selected Zip Code Treatment | Selected Zip Code Treatment participants will have a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents in the selected zip code. Philly Vax Sweepstakes: The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing. | 0 | 52,874 | 0 | 52,874 | 0 | 52,874 |
| EG002 | All Other Philadelphia Residents Treatment | All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment participants will be eligible for the sweepstakes. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents outside of the selected zip code. Philly Vax Sweepstakes: The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing. | 0 | 1,188,936 | 0 | 1,188,936 | 0 | 1,188,936 |
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| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |