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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
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| 1R21CA252933 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
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| National Cancer Institute (NCI) | NIH |
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Dietary intake is a powerful, modifiable factor that influences cancer risk. Unfortunately, most adults in the U.S. find it difficult to adhere to dietary guidelines for cancer prevention. One promising pathway for improving dietary adherence is to target grocery shopping habits, i.e., foods purchased for consumption at home. Two-thirds of daily food intake is sourced from or eaten in the home, so improving the quality of the home food environment should improve overall diet quality. When healthy foods are purchased and unhealthy foods are not, minimal self-control is needed to make healthy eating choices in the home. At the point of purchase, it is difficult to resist the temptation of palatable foods, but interventions might facilitate healthy choices by promoting dietary goal salience in real-time while grocery shopping, enhancing motivation to make and sustain changes to the diet, and increasing household support and accountability for healthy food purchasing. The proposed study will enroll adults who have low adherence to cancer prevention dietary recommendations. All participants will attend a nutrition education workshop conducted via Zoom. For 20 weeks, all participants also will receive once weekly reminders and recommendations for food purchasing via an app. The study will experimentally test four additional intervention components: location-triggered messages, coaching monitoring of food purchases, benefit of change content, and household member involvement. The preliminary aim of the study is to assess feasibility and acceptability of the intervention components. The primary aim of the study is to quantify the effect of each intervention component, individually and in combination, on dietary intake (assessed with 24-hour food recalls). The overarching goal of this project is to optimize this mHealth intervention, which can be tested in the future in a fully powered clinical trial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| LOCATION TRIGGERED MESSAGING | Experimental | Weekly message is triggered when arriving at grocery store. |
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| COACH MONITORING | Experimental | Coaches view grocery purchases via web portal, send weekly messages about purchases they observe, and conduct three brief phone calls to discuss purchases. |
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| BENEFITS OF CHANGE | Experimental | Attend an extra workshop session and three phone calls to identify and reflect on benefits of dietary change. Content added to standard weekly messages about benefits of change. |
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| HOUSEHOLD SUPPORT | Experimental | An adult household member attends one workshop session and three phone calls with the index participant. This household member receives weekly text messages for 20 weeks about program goals and ways to support the index participant. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location-triggered notification | Behavioral | If participants are randomized to have this component ON, the app will send the notification when the participant's smartphone is within a 50-meter "geofence" around designated grocery stores. No more than one notification will be sent per week. Mindfulness of program goals in the moment of decision making is expected to facilitate program-consistent food purchasing behaviors. Participants assigned to have location-triggered message delivery OFF will receive their weekly "recommendations and reminders" messages at standard times throughout the week. The content of the messages will not differ according to whether this component is ON vs. OFF. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 1a. Dietary Intake: ASA24 (Fiber) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1b. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fruit/Veg) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in number of cups of fruits and vegetables per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1c. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Red Meat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of red meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Goal Salience | Goal salience while grocery shopping was measured using an investigator-developed self-report questionnaire. Participants rated 3 questions pertaining to salience of health goals during grocery shopping on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much): Scores on these three items were averaged to compute a global Goal Salience total score (range = 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher goal salience. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 1 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of dietary intake for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber) total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption. |
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Meghan L Butryn, PhD | Drexel University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drexel University | Philadelphia | Pennsylvania | 19104 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37950612 | Derived | Butryn ML, Hagerman CJ, Crane NT, Ehmann MM, Forman EM, Milliron BJ, Simone NL. A Proof-of-Concept Pilot Test of a Behavioral Intervention to Improve Adherence to Dietary Recommendations for Cancer Prevention. Cancer Control. 2023 Jan-Dec;30:10732748231214122. doi: 10.1177/10732748231214122. | |
| 35749216 | Derived | Horgan OZ, Crane NT, Forman EM, Milliron BJ, Simone NL, Zhang F, Butryn ML. Optimizing an mHealth Intervention to Change Food Purchasing Behaviors for Cancer Prevention: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2022 Jun 24;11(6):e39669. doi: 10.2196/39669. |
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The four experimental intervention components are each provided to 50% of participants.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Condition 1 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| FG001 | Condition 2 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| FG002 | Condition 3 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| FG003 | Condition 4 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| FG004 | Condition 5 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| FG005 | Condition 6 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| FG006 | Condition 7 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| FG007 | Condition 8 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| FG008 | Condition 9 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| FG009 | Condition 10 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| FG010 | Condition 11 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| FG011 | Condition 12 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| FG012 | Condition 13 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| FG013 | Condition 14 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON Household support - OFF. |
| FG014 | Condition 15 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| FG015 | Condition 16 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Overall Study |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Condition 1 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| BG001 | Condition 2 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| Units | Counts |
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| Participants |
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| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | 1a. Dietary Intake: ASA24 (Fiber) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
Pre-treatment to post-treatment (20 weeks)
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Condition 1 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| Term | Organ System | Source Vocabulary | Assessment Type | Notes | Statistical Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infection | Infections and infestations | Non-systematic Assessment | Participant was hospitalized for 4 weeks due to an infection unrelated to the study. The participant recovered from the infection with antibiotics. |
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Challenges with reliability of geofencing (location-triggered messages) and passive collection of purchasing data. Purchases monitored from only select stores and not other outlets (e.g., farmer's markets). Purchasing behavior does not fully align with consumption (e.g., individuals purchase items at the store for others). Sample characteristics limit generalizability. Different dietary intake assessments (ASA24 was high burden). No control condition.
| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Meghan Butryn | Drexel University | 215-553-7108 | mlb34@drexel.edu |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Mar 25, 2021 | May 18, 2023 | Prot_001.pdf |
| SAP | No | Yes | No | Statistical Analysis Plan | Mar 25, 2021 | May 18, 2023 | SAP_002.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Mar 25, 2021 | Jun 23, 2021 | ICF_000.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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This is a 2x2x2x2 design. There are four factors, each with two levels: ON vs OFF.
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Outcomes assessors will be blind to condition.
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| Reflections on benefits of change | Behavioral | Participants will reflect on anticipated benefits of purchasing healthy foods, consistent with motivational interviewing and self-determination theory. Message content will be personalized as follows: During the initial workshop, all participants will complete an exercise identifying benefits of healthy eating that are important to them. Message content will then be programmed to be personalized according to anticipated rewards important to that participant. Participants assigned to have this intervention component OFF will not have content about anticipated benefits of change added to any messages. |
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| Coach monitoring | Behavioral | Coaches will monitor participant food purchases via a dashboard for viewing purchase data, and send messages designed to provide feedback and enhance supportive accountability for program goals. The messages will provide reinforcement for purchases consistent with program goals and express concern for areas in which adherence is low. Participants assigned to have this component OFF will not receive these extra messages or phone calls, and their food purchases will only be viewed by research staff for research outcome assessment purposes. |
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| Household support | Behavioral | If participants are assigned to have household support ON, one adult in the household will receive weekly text messages designed to elicit support for changing food purchases. In addition, the index participant and household member will be invited to participate in one extra workshop session and three brief coaching calls focused on household support. If participants are assigned to have this OFF, household members will have no program involvement. |
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| Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1d. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Processed Meat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of processed meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1e. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Added Sugars) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1f. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sodium) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1g. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 1h. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in oz of sugar sweetened beverages consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2a: Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fiber) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2b. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fruits/Veg) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in cups of fruits and vegetables per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2c. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Red Meat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of red meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2d. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Processed Meat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of processed meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2e. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Added Sugars) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2f. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sodium) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2g. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 2h. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in ounces of sugar-sweetened beverages per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Supportive Accountability | Supportive accountability was measured using 5 items adapted from the Perceptions of Accountability Scale (Chhabria et al., 2020). Participants rated 5 items (e.g., "I feel accountable to others for meeting my dietary goals") on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to produce a global Supportive Accountability total score (range 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher perceived supportive accountability to others for dietary/healthy eating goals. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Autonomous Motivation | Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Six items were averaged to create a subscale of autonomous Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7), with higher scores on each subscale indicated higher Autonomous Motivation. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| External Motivation | Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Four items were averaged to create the subscale of external Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7). Higher scores on each subscale indicated higher external motivation for healthy eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Social Support (Encouragement) | Participants responded to 10 items adapted from the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often), with 6 indicating "Not Applicable" (N/A; recoded as 1). Five items were summed to measure encouragement of healthy eating (e.g., "complimented me on changing my eating habits"; range 5-25), with higher scores indicating higher encouragement. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Social Support (Discouragement) | Participants completed the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often). 6 indicated "Not Applicable," which was recoded as 1 (none). Five items (e.g., "ate unhealthy foods in front of me") were summed to create the Discouragement of Healthy Eating subscale (range 5-25); higher scores indicated higher discouragement. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Quality of Household Relationship | Quality of the household relationship was measured using 5 items adapted from the Relationship Assessment Scale (Hendrick, 1988). Items assessed the quality of their relationship with the person who served as their household support partner in the Eatwell program (e.g., "How well does this person meet your needs") on a scale from 1 (Low) to 5 (High). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to calculate a Relationship Quality total score (range 1-5); higher scores indicated higher perceived relationship quality. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline |
| Weight History | Weight history was measured using an investigator developed questionnaire. Participants answered the following question about weight history in the past 6 months: "Which of these statements best describe what has happened to your weight during the past 6 months?" Answer choices included: (1) My weight has stayed the same; (2) I've been losing weight; (3) I've been gaining weight; or (4) My weigh has fluctuated a lot. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 weeks (Baseline) |
| Dietary Restraint | Dietary restraint was measured using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Cappelleri et al., 2009). For items #1-20, participants rated statements on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false; reverse coded). Item 21 assessed overall restraint on an 8-point scale from 1 (no restraint) to 8 (total restraint), recoded such that 1-2=1; 3-4=2; 5-6=3; and 7-8=4 (so that all items ranged 1-4). Six items were summed to calculate a Restraint score (range = 6-24); higher scores indicated more restraint. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and ~4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Uncontrolled Eating | Uncontrolled eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Items were reverse coded and summed to calculate an uncontrolled eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher uncontrolled eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Emotional Eating | Emotional eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Six were reverse coded and summed to calculate an emotional eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher emotional eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
| Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 1) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 1 (i.e., fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 2) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 2 (i.e., processed foods high in fat, starches, sugars), participants rated how frequently they consumed foods from these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 3) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 3 (i.e., red and processed meat), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (2 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 4) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 4 (i.e., sugar-sweetened drinks), participants rated how frequently they consumed these drinks (1 item) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). Given intake for guideline 4 was assessed with only 1 item on the FFQ, the total guideline 4 score was the response to this single item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar-sweetened drinks. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
| Treatment Acceptability: 10 Weeks | An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 10 weeks (mid-treatment) |
| Treatment Acceptability: 20 Weeks | An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | 20 weeks (post-treatment) |
| Goals and Stages of Change- Household Member | Two self-report items developed by the investigator assessed the goals of the selected household member at baseline: "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you adopt healthier eating habits right now?". Item 2 asked "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you help your household member adopt healthier eating habits right now?". For each item, household members responded on a scale from 0 - not important at all, 50 - about as important as most of the other things I would like to achieve now, to 100 - most important thing in my life now. Items were analyzed at individually, and each item ranged 0-100 where higher scores indicate higher importance of the associated goal. | 0 weeks |
| Dietary Intake-household Member | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. Household members are presented with 13 categories of foods that are relevant for each of the cancer prevention dietary guidelines (e.g., "Fresh, frozen, or canned fruit (not dried or fruit juice)", "Red meats such as beef, pork, lamb"). They rated how frequently they consume each category during an average week over the past month. Scale is as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. The 13 items are then classified into the guideline they pertain to and total guidelines scores were calculated as the average of responses to all relevant items (range 0-5) where higher scores indicate more frequently eating items associated with that nutrition guideline. | 0, 20 weeks |
| Treatment Acceptability - Household | Household members completed the same adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) as index participants. This measured acceptability of the intervention. Household members were presented with 8 questions about their experience during the program and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components to be (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?", "How trustworthy do you think your coach was?". Household members responded to each question on a 7-point Likert scale where 1 = no/low acceptability and 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. | 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake- Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 1) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 1 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), household members rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes. | 0, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake - Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 2) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 2 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars), household members rated how frequently they consumed foods that fell into these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods high in far, starches, and sugars. | 0, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ (Guideline 3) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 3 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of red and processed meats), household members rated how frequently they consumed red meats and processed meats (2 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats. | 0, 20 weeks |
| Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ - Guideline 4 | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 4 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of sugar sweetened beverages), household members rated how frequently they consumed sugar sweetened beverages (1 item) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 4 score was calculated as the response to this item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar sweetened beverages. | 0, 20 weeks |
| Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 2 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 2 (intake of processed foods), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 2 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for consumption of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 3 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 3 (intake of red and processed meats), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of red and processed meats, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 3 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for red and processed meat intake. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 4 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 4 (intake of sugar sweetened beverages), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of sugar sweetened beverages, participants receive an adherence score of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 4 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as adherence score for intake of sugar sweetened beverages. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Fruit | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Fruit purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Vegetables | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Vegetable purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Meat | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Meat purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Grains and Beans | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Grains/beans purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of grains and beans purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of SSB purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Sweets | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sweets purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total sweets purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Snacks | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Snack purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of snack purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| Grocery Store Purchases - Other Processed Foods | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Processed food purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of processed food purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
| BG002 | Condition 3 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| BG003 | Condition 4 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| BG004 | Condition 5 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| BG005 | Condition 6 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| BG006 | Condition 7 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| BG007 | Condition 8 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| BG008 | Condition 9 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| BG009 | Condition 10 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. |
| BG010 | Condition 11 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. |
| BG011 | Condition 12 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| BG012 | Condition 13 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| BG013 | Condition 14 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON Household support - OFF. |
| BG014 | Condition 15 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. |
| BG015 | Condition 16 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. |
| BG016 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
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| Primary | 1b. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fruit/Veg) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in number of cups of fruits and vegetables per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | Cups/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1c. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Red Meat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of red meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | oz/week | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1d. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Processed Meat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in ounces of processed meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | oz/week | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1e. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Added Sugars) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1f. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sodium) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | mg/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1g. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Fat) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 1h. Primary Outcome: Dietary Intake ASA24 (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) | In Wave 1, the primary outcome will be change from 0-20 weeks in dietary intake of the major food categories from the American Institute for Cancer Research guidelines. Self-reported dietary recalls will be completed for three days at baseline and week 20 using the Automated Self Administered 24-hour food recall (ASA-24). This table reports the change in oz of sugar sweetened beverages consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 1 participants completed the ASA-24. Results here only include Wave 1 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | oz/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2a: Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fiber) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of fiber per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2b. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fruits/Veg) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in cups of fruits and vegetables per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | cups/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2c. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Red Meat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of red meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | oz/week | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2d. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Processed Meat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in oz of processed meat consumed per week. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | oz/week | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2e. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Added Sugars) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of added sugars consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2f. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sodium) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in mg of sodium consumed per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | mg/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2g. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Fat) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in grams of saturated fat per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Primary | 2h. Dietary Intake: DHQ-III (Sugar-Sweetened Beverages) | In Wave 2, the Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ-III) will be used instead of food recalls to assess dietary intake. This table reports the change in ounces of sugar-sweetened beverages per day. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. The Ns reported here are smaller than the full trial sample because only Wave 2 participants completed the DHQ-III. Results here only include Wave 2 participants. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | grams/day | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Secondary | Goal Salience | Goal salience while grocery shopping was measured using an investigator-developed self-report questionnaire. Participants rated 3 questions pertaining to salience of health goals during grocery shopping on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much): Scores on these three items were averaged to compute a global Goal Salience total score (range = 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher goal salience. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Supportive Accountability | Supportive accountability was measured using 5 items adapted from the Perceptions of Accountability Scale (Chhabria et al., 2020). Participants rated 5 items (e.g., "I feel accountable to others for meeting my dietary goals") on a sliding scale from 0 (not at all) to 100 (very much). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to produce a global Supportive Accountability total score (range 0-100), with higher scores indicating higher perceived supportive accountability to others for dietary/healthy eating goals. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Autonomous Motivation | Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Six items were averaged to create a subscale of autonomous Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7), with higher scores on each subscale indicated higher Autonomous Motivation. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | External Motivation | Motivation for healthy eating was measured using 10 items adapted from the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Levesque et al., 2007). Using the question stem "The reason I would follow a healthy diet is...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (not at all true) to 7 (very true). Four items were averaged to create the subscale of external Motivation for healthy eating (range 1-7). Higher scores on each subscale indicated higher external motivation for healthy eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Social Support (Encouragement) | Participants responded to 10 items adapted from the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often), with 6 indicating "Not Applicable" (N/A; recoded as 1). Five items were summed to measure encouragement of healthy eating (e.g., "complimented me on changing my eating habits"; range 5-25), with higher scores indicating higher encouragement. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Social Support (Discouragement) | Participants completed the Sallis Social Support for Diet Questionnaire (Sallis et al., 1987). Using the question stem "The other adult(s) in my household...", participants rated items on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (very often). 6 indicated "Not Applicable," which was recoded as 1 (none). Five items (e.g., "ate unhealthy foods in front of me") were summed to create the Discouragement of Healthy Eating subscale (range 5-25); higher scores indicated higher discouragement. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Quality of Household Relationship | Quality of the household relationship was measured using 5 items adapted from the Relationship Assessment Scale (Hendrick, 1988). Items assessed the quality of their relationship with the person who served as their household support partner in the Eatwell program (e.g., "How well does this person meet your needs") on a scale from 1 (Low) to 5 (High). Scores on the 5 items were averaged to calculate a Relationship Quality total score (range 1-5); higher scores indicated higher perceived relationship quality. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Baseline scores are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | Baseline |
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| Secondary | Weight History | Weight history was measured using an investigator developed questionnaire. Participants answered the following question about weight history in the past 6 months: "Which of these statements best describe what has happened to your weight during the past 6 months?" Answer choices included: (1) My weight has stayed the same; (2) I've been losing weight; (3) I've been gaining weight; or (4) My weigh has fluctuated a lot. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Baseline scores are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Number | count of participants | 0 weeks (Baseline) |
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| Secondary | Dietary Restraint | Dietary restraint was measured using the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Cappelleri et al., 2009). For items #1-20, participants rated statements on a 4-point Likert scale from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false; reverse coded). Item 21 assessed overall restraint on an 8-point scale from 1 (no restraint) to 8 (total restraint), recoded such that 1-2=1; 3-4=2; 5-6=3; and 7-8=4 (so that all items ranged 1-4). Six items were summed to calculate a Restraint score (range = 6-24); higher scores indicated more restraint. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and ~4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Uncontrolled Eating | Uncontrolled eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Items were reverse coded and summed to calculate an uncontrolled eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher uncontrolled eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Emotional Eating | Emotional eating was measured using the subscale of the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire - 21 item (Cappelleri et al., 2009). Responses ranged from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely false). Six were reverse coded and summed to calculate an emotional eating (range = 6-24), with higher scores indicating higher emotional eating. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0 (Baseline), 10 (Midtreatment), 20 weeks (Posttreatment) |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 1) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 1 (i.e., fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 2) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 2 (i.e., processed foods high in fat, starches, sugars), participants rated how frequently they consumed foods from these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 3) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 3 (i.e., red and processed meat), participants rated how frequently they consumed these categories (2 items) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake - FFQ (Guideline 4) | A 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was adapted from similar measures (Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001). To measure intake for guideline 4 (i.e., sugar-sweetened drinks), participants rated how frequently they consumed these drinks (1 item) during an average week over the past month (0=Never, 1=less than once per week, 2=once per week, 3=2-4 times/week, 4=nearly daily/daily, 5=greater than twice per day). Given intake for guideline 4 was assessed with only 1 item on the FFQ, the total guideline 4 score was the response to this single item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar-sweetened drinks. This study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions (with ~4 participants) and was designed to collapse across conditions (i.e., comparing 8 conditions where factor is ON to 8 OFF conditions). Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Participants were randomly assigned to whether each of the four conditions were "on" (location triggered messaging, coach monitoring, benefits of change, and household report). Change across time for each outcome are reported for each condition and for the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 0, 10, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Treatment Acceptability: 10 Weeks | An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | 10 weeks (mid-treatment) |
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| Secondary | Treatment Acceptability: 20 Weeks | An adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) was used to assess intervention acceptability. Eight questions probed their program experience and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?"). Responses ranged from 1 = no/low acceptability to 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 20 weeks (post-treatment) |
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| Secondary | Goals and Stages of Change- Household Member | Two self-report items developed by the investigator assessed the goals of the selected household member at baseline: "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you adopt healthier eating habits right now?". Item 2 asked "On a scale of 1-100, how important is it that you help your household member adopt healthier eating habits right now?". For each item, household members responded on a scale from 0 - not important at all, 50 - about as important as most of the other things I would like to achieve now, to 100 - most important thing in my life now. Items were analyzed at individually, and each item ranged 0-100 where higher scores indicate higher importance of the associated goal. | Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded on this item. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake-household Member | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. Household members are presented with 13 categories of foods that are relevant for each of the cancer prevention dietary guidelines (e.g., "Fresh, frozen, or canned fruit (not dried or fruit juice)", "Red meats such as beef, pork, lamb"). They rated how frequently they consume each category during an average week over the past month. Scale is as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. The 13 items are then classified into the guideline they pertain to and total guidelines scores were calculated as the average of responses to all relevant items (range 0-5) where higher scores indicate more frequently eating items associated with that nutrition guideline. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded to this item. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Treatment Acceptability - Household | Household members completed the same adapted 8- item version of the Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (Hunsley, 1993) as index participants. This measured acceptability of the intervention. Household members were presented with 8 questions about their experience during the program and how helpful/acceptable they found various intervention components to be (e.g., "How effective do you think this program is?", "How trustworthy do you think your coach was?". Household members responded to each question on a 7-point Likert scale where 1 = no/low acceptability and 7 = high acceptability. A total score was calculated as the average across all 8 items (range 8-56) where higher scores indicate greater treatment acceptability. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Household members who served in a support role for participants assigned to the household support ON condition. We attempted to get data from all household members; however, only 17 responded on this item. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake- Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 1) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 1 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and bean/ legumes ), household members rated how frequently they consumed these categories (4 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 1 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 4 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and beans/legumes. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake - Household Member - FFQ (Guideline 2) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 2 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of processed foods high in fat, starches, or sugars), household members rated how frequently they consumed foods that fell into these categories (6 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 2 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 6 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating processed foods high in far, starches, and sugars. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ (Guideline 3) | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 3 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of red and processed meats), household members rated how frequently they consumed red meats and processed meats (2 items) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 3 score was calculated as the average of responses to the 2 items (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently eating red and processed meats. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0, 20 weeks |
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| Secondary | Dietary Intake-household Member - FFQ - Guideline 4 | Household members completed the same 13-item Food Frequency Questionnaire as the index participant (adapted from Rifas-Shiman et al., 2001) to measure dietary intake. To measure intake consistent with guideline 4 of the dietary cancer prevention guidelines (i.e., intake of sugar sweetened beverages), household members rated how frequently they consumed sugar sweetened beverages (1 item) during an average week over the past month. Scale was as follows: 0 = Never, 1 = less than once per week, 2= once per week, 3 = 2-4 times per week, 4 = nearly daily or daily, 5 = greater than twice per day. A total guideline 4 score was calculated as the response to this item (range 0-5), where higher scores indicate more frequently drinking sugar sweetened beverages. | Household members (among partners in the household condition). Only half of participants were asked to include a household member, and 12 of these household members successfully provided data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | 0, 20 weeks |
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| Other Pre-specified | Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 1 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of dietary intake for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 1 (fruits, vegetables, and fiber) total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for whole grains, beans, fruits, and vegetable consumption. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 2 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 2 (intake of processed foods), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 2 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for consumption of added sugar, saturated fat, and sodium in processed foods. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 3 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 3 (intake of red and processed meats), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of red and processed meats, participants receive adherence scores for each dietary domain of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 3 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as the average of adherence scores for red and processed meat intake. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Adherence to AICR Cancer Prevention Guidelines: Guideline 4 | To calculate adherence to the NCI dietary recommendations for guideline 4 (intake of sugar sweetened beverages), the WCRF/AICR scoring method from Turati et al., 2020 was used. This method has pre-defined cutoff values for the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient that is expected to have clinical significance. Based on their self-reported levels of intake of sugar sweetened beverages, participants receive an adherence score of 0 (failure to meet recommendation), 0.5 (partially meeting recommended levels), or 1 (fully meeting recommended level of intake). Guideline 4 total adherence score (range 0-1) was calculated as adherence score for intake of sugar sweetened beverages. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | score on a scale | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Fruit | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Fruit purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Vegetables | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Vegetable purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of fruit purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Meat | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Meat purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Grains and Beans | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Grains/beans purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of grains and beans purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Sugar-Sweetened Beverages | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of SSB purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Sweets | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Sweets purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of meat purchases divided by total sweets purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Snacks | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Snack purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of snack purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%. This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| Other Pre-specified | Grocery Store Purchases - Other Processed Foods | To measure grocery purchasing, an API transferred participants' item-level food purchases to the study database whenever they shopped at designated grocery stores (Wegmans, ShopRite, Target, and Walmart). Each item in the shopping trip was linked to an existing nutrition databases (e.g., FNDDS) to categorize it into a NCI relevant category and to pull nutritional information. Processed food purchases were calculated by tabulating the percent of processed food purchases divided by total purchases. Scores range from 0-100%.This pilot study used a factorial design, with 16 conditions and typically 4 participants per condition. The study was designed with the intent to collapse across conditions for all analyses, such that the 8 conditions in which a given factor is ON would be compared to the 8 conditions in which that factor was OFF. Participants are counted multiple times in the table, such that the total number of participants in any ON/OFF condition pair will equal the full sample. | Through a factorial design, participants were randomly assigned to receive coach monitoring (ON/OFF), benefits of change (ON/OFF), location triggered messaging (ON/OFF), and household support (ON/OFF). Ns are lower for grocery store purchasing outcome vs. others because the aim was exploratory, as the project was pilot testing the grocery store purchase data collection system. Many participants had missing data. | Posted | Mean | Standard Error | percentage of grocery store purchases | Baseline and post-treatment (0 and 20 weeks) |
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| 0 |
| 4 |
| 0 |
| 4 |
| 0 |
| 4 |
| EG001 | Condition 2 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| EG002 | Condition 3 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG003 | Condition 4 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG004 | Condition 5 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| EG005 | Condition 6 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG006 | Condition 7 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. | 0 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| EG007 | Condition 8 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG008 | Condition 9 | Location triggered messaging - ON, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| EG009 | Condition 10 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| EG010 | Condition 11 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| EG011 | Condition 12 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG012 | Condition 13 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - ON, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| EG013 | Condition 14 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - OFF. | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| EG014 | Condition 15 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - OFF, Household support - ON. | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| EG015 | Condition 16 | Location triggered messaging - OFF, Benefits of change - OFF, Coach monitoring - ON, Household support - ON. | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 |
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| I've been losing weight |
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