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Patients in the surgery ward are at risk of morbidity and mortality from various types of treatment-related problems (TRPs). The primary aim of this study is to assess the impact of the clinical pharmacist in the identification and management of TRPs in the surgery ward.
Patients were randomly assigned to intervention (n=50) and usual care (n=50) arms. The clinical pharmacist assessed the types, frequencies, and clinical significance of TRPs for all recruited patients at baseline. Patients and treating surgeons in the intervention arm received recommendations concerning the identified TRPs, while the usual care arm did not. The number of TRPs was reevaluated at follow-up.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical pharmacist intervention + usual care arm | Experimental | Patients in the clinical pharmacist intervention + usual care arm received the clinical pharmacist intervention as well as usual care provided by the surgical team |
|
| Usual care arm (Control arm) | No Intervention | Patients in the control arm received usual care by the surgical team without a coordinated contribution from the clinical pharmacist |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| clinical pharmacist intervention | Other | clinical pharmacist intervention |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptance rate of clinical pharmacist's recommended interventions | (Number of recommendations accepted by surgeons) / (total number of recommendations submitted to surgeons by the clinical pharmacist) *100 | 19-week |
| Implementation rate of clinical pharmacist's recommended interventions | (Number of recommendations implemented by surgeons and patients) / (total number of recommendations submitted to surgeons and patients by the clinical pharmacist) *100 | 19-week |
| The impact of the clinical pharmacist on the identification and management of TRPs in the surgery ward | Measured by comparing the means of differences in the number of TRPs identified at baseline and at the time of short-term follow-up in the intervention and usual care groups | 19-week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Surgeons' attitudes and satisfaction towards the provided clinical pharmacy services | Measured by a self-administered questionnaire | 19-week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hiba I. Al Fahmawi, PharmD, MSc | School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Jordan | Amman | Jordan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17066238 | Background | AbuRuz SM, Bulatova NR, Yousef AM. Validation of a comprehensive classification tool for treatment-related problems. Pharm World Sci. 2006 Aug;28(4):222-32. doi: 10.1007/s11096-006-9048-0. Epub 2006 Oct 26. | |
| 30766431 | Background | Basheti IA, Ayasrah SM, Ahmad M. Identifying treatment related problems and associated factors among hospitalized post-stroke patients through medication management review: A multi-center study. Saudi Pharm J. 2019 Feb;27(2):208-219. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.10.005. Epub 2018 Oct 19. |
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The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
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All patients were followed up prospectively for their length of hospital stay, and recommendations concerning each identified TRP were provided to the surgeons responsible for patients in the intervention group. Likewise, patient counseling and encouraging adherence to therapy were provided solely to patients in the intervention group. Patients in the control group received usual care by the surgical team without a coordinated contribution from the clinical pharmacist.
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| 26962456 | Background | Bilal AI, Tilahun Z, Beedemariam G, Ayalneh B, Hailemeskel B, Engidawork E. Attitude and satisfaction of health care providers towards clinical pharmacy services in Ethiopia: A post-deployment survey. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2016 Mar 8;9:7. doi: 10.1186/s40545-016-0058-6. eCollection 2016. |
| 15537552 | Background | Hepler CD. Clinical pharmacy, pharmaceutical care, and the quality of drug therapy. Pharmacotherapy. 2004 Nov;24(11):1491-8. doi: 10.1592/phco.24.16.1491.50950. |