Guangzhou Lung-Care Project is a single-arm, prospective cohort study using one-time low-dose computed tomography for the early detection of LC, recruiting residents aged 40-74 years from four communities in Guangzhou between 2015 and 2021.The primary outcome was LC detection rate in eligible participants without restrictions based on high-risk factors and the proportion of stage I LC cases, and to investigate the various factors associated with the development of LC.

Guangzhou Lung-Care Project is a single-arm, prospective cohort study using one-time low-dose computed tomography for the early detection of LC, recruiting residents aged 40-74 years from four communities in Guangzhou between 2015 and 2021. Follow-up for post-screening management and survival was recorded. The primary outcome was LC detection rate in eligible participants without restrictions based on high-risk factors and the proportion of stage I LC cases, and to investigate the various factors associated with the development of LC. Additionally, we compared the detection rates of LC and the proportion of stage I LC cases between "high-risk" and "non-high-risk" groups according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines and Chinese guideline.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Minimum age of 40 years among the residents in Guangzhou

Exclusion Criteria:

• Persons who had a diagnosis or treatment related to LC within the past 5 years, had undergone chest CT within the past year, or had significant cancer-related symptoms (e.g., hemoptysis, dyspnea, inability to climb two flights of stairs).