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A total of 58 participants were selected and divided into two groups equally, namely, elderly, and young groups with the age groups of 60-80 years and 20-30 years, respectively. The Heart Rate (HR), Respiratory Rate (RR), Blood Pressure (BP), Oxygen Saturation (SaO2), and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) for each participant were assessed before and after the treatment session.
The elderly participants in the experimental group and the young participants in the control group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elderly isometric exercise | Experimental | Quadriceps isometric exercise. |
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| Young isometric exercise | Active Comparator | Quadriceps isometric exercise. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercises | Other | The elderly participants in the experimental group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take a rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Blood Pressure (BP) | Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured by a trained physiotherapist in the right upper arm using an appropriate-sized cuff at the baseline and the end of the intervention using an automated Dinamap MPS Select device (Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, NJ). | Change from baseline blood pressure at 1 day |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory Rate (RR) | Respiratory rate was assessed by visually observe for 30 seconds and multiply observed breaths by 2 to obtain breaths per minute (BPM). | Change from baseline respiratory rate at 1 day |
| Oxygen Saturation (SaO2) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Salameh Aldaja, PhD | Isra University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isra University | Amman | 11622 | Jordan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Young isometric exercise | Other | The young participants in the experimental group underwent a single session of 5-minute quadriceps isometric exercise. The participant was asked to take a rest of 10 minutes before performing the exercise. After that, the exercise was performed from a long-sitting position. |
|
Oxygen saturation was recorded using a finger pulse oximeter. The sensor was placed on the right index finger, and the values were recorded after at least two minutes.
| Change from baseline oxygen saturation at 1 day |
| Heart Rate (HR) | Heart rate was recorded using a finger pulse oximeter. The sensor was placed on the right index finger, and the values were recorded after at least two minutes. | Change from baseline heart rate at 1 day |
| Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) | Mean arterial pressure was calculated MAP as diastolic blood pressure (DBP) + 1/3 [systolic blood pressure (SBP) - DBP]. | Change from baseline mean arterial pressure at 1 day |