Despite good initial response, some patients with core binding factor and/or NPM1-mutated AML eventually relapse. Some of these patients can be identified earlier on, before overt cytological relapse, when followed for minimal residual disease. The outcome of patients treated when molecular relapse is confirmed, before overt cytological relapse, is not well known. This multi-center retrospective will therefore study the outcome of these patients and try to specify the role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in this setting.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients between 18 and 61 years
• Diagnosis between 2010 and 2019
• Core binding factor and/or NPM1 acute myeloid leukemia
• First complete remission after induction therapy
• Measurable residual disease measurement after end of consolidation therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute promyelocytic leukemia
• Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in CR1

Adult patients < 61 years with CBF and/or NPM1-mutated AML in CR1 after induction therapy who did not receive allogeneic stem transplantation and who were followed for measurable residual disease after completion of treatment.