Cohort Study of Blood Biomarkers for TES

Observational Cohort Study of Blood Transcriptomics and Proteomics Information as Biomarkers of Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome

In this study, high-throughput screening and multi-omics (transcriptomics and proteomics) joint analysis technology will be employed to explore potential CTE/TES biomarkers (RNA and protein) in blood and its exosomes. Thereafter, these biomarkers will be combined with the reported TBI biomarkers to create a novel set of CTE/TES molecular diagnostic signatures. The findings may open a new avenue for the clinical diagnosis of the disease and the future research on its therapeutic strategy.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Athletes and patients with traumatic brain injury

   • Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old with independent behavior ability or authorized legal representative.
   • Have a clear history of repetitive mild TBI, concussion or subconcussion.
   • The most recent head injury occurred 3 months ago.

2. Healthy Volunteers

   • Age ≥ 18 and ≤ 80 years old with independent behavior ability.
   • No history of repetitive mild TBI, concussion or subconcussion.
   • Fully understands the nature of the study, and voluntarily participates and signs the informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Athletes and patients with traumatic brain injury

   • Pregnant or lactating women.
   • History of other neurological diseases.
   • History of tumors, hematological diseases, severe cardiopulmonary diseases, hepatic failure or renal failure.
   • Have participated in clinical trials in the past four weeks.
   • The investigator believes that not appropriate for inclusion.

2. Healthy Volunteers

   • Pregnant or lactating women.
   • History of TBI or other neurological diseases.
   • History of tumors, hematological diseases, severe cardiopulmonary diseases, hepatic failure or renal failure.
   • Have participated in clinical trials in the past four weeks.
   • The investigator believe that not appropriate for inclusion.