The target group is a group of older adults with psychiatric problems (≥60 years old) admitted to a residential psychogeriatric department of the Psychiatric Clinic of the Alexians Care Group Tienen. The following exclusion criteria apply: a score of less than 21 on the MMSE (excluding dementia or other moderate to severe cognitive disorders), a mother tongue other than Dutch and having undergone surgery and/or chemotherapy in the last 3 months.

The Ronnie Gardiner Method (RGM), developed in 1993 by Swedish jazz drummer Ronnie Gardiner, is a promising multimodal, music-based intervention with potential to stimulate and improve several cognitive functions, motor skills, reading and speech skills and social interaction. RGM participants are required to follow (what is known as) "choreoscores". This is a visual representation of the sequence of movements using four unique symbols. Each symbol represents a body half via color (red = left side, blue = right side) and the use of a body part via shape (the symbols resemble hands or feet). In addition, each movement has a specific name, based on drum sounds, which must be pronounced simultaneously. The exercises are guided by trained 'RGM-practitioners'. The course and difficulty of the session can be adapted in different ways by the RGM Practitioner, according to the capabilities of the participants.

The CERQ was originally developed in Dutch. This self-report questionnaire has 36 items that evaluate the frequency of the use of emotion regulation strategies. The items are divided proportionally among nine emotion regulation strategies based on theory and empirical research: blaming yourself, blaming others, accepting, rumination, relating, catastrophising, focusing on other positive things, focusing on planning and positively reinterpreting. The items are answered on a Likert five-point scale ranging from almost never (1) to almost always (5) (Kraaij & Garnefski, 2006; Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006; Garnefski & Kraaij, 2007; Nowlan et al., 2015). Variations in the total scores of the nine subscales of the CERQ will be examined.

The four subtests are: (1)Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift (Cognitive Flexibility), (2) Spatial Span, (3) Spatial Working Memory and (4) Stop-Signal Task (Inhibition).

For the subtest Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift (IED), total latency (which is the sum of the response times over all trials) and in addition the total number of errors adjusted (which is the number of incorrect stimulus choices) will be analyzed. Next outcome measure is the Spatial Span Forward Span Length (SSPFSL), which is the longest sequence that the participant can reproduce forward. The Spatial Working Memory Total Errors (SWMTE) is another outcome measure to analyze recall problems. This is a measure of the total number of selections from a box that certainly cannot contain a token. The final outcome measure of the CANTAB is the Stop Signal Task Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSTSSRT), which is the estimated time in which a participant can successfully inhibit their responses 50% of the time.

The BIS/BAS scale is a Dutch personality questionnaire that assesses fear-related avoidance behavior (BIS scale) and reward-related approach behavior (BAS scale) (Gray, 1970). The 24 items can be subdivided into four scales, three of which are related to the BAS scale (i.e. fun seeking, drive en reward responsiveness) and lastly the BIS scale (Franken et al., 2005).

The BIS and BAS total scores will be used to determine membership to a particular personality type.