A Study of Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) Followed by Cilta-cel, a CAR-T Therapy Directed Against BCMA Versus VRd Followed by Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) Therapy in Participants With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma for Whom ASCT is Not Planned as Initial Therapy

A Phase 3 Randomized Study Comparing Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) Followed by Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel, a Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell (CAR-T) Therapy Directed Against BCMA Versus Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone (VRd) Followed by Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) Therapy in Participants With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma for Whom Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant is Not Planned as Initial Therapy

The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) induction followed by a single administration of ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) versus VRd induction followed by Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) maintenance in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma participants for whom ASCT is not planned as initial therapy in terms of Progression Free Survival (PFS).

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disorder characterized by the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) proteins or protein fragments (M proteins) that have lost their function. JNJ-68284528 (ciltacabtagene autoleucel [cilta-cel]) is an autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy that targets B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), a molecule expressed on the surface of mature B lymphocytes and malignant plasma cells. The primary hypothesis of this study is that in participants with newly diagnosed MM, treatment with VRd induction followed by a single administration of cilta-cel will significantly improve progression free survival compared to Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) induction followed by Rd maintenance. The study will screen participants with newly diagnosed MM who are not planned to receive autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) as initial therapy. This study will be conducted in 4 phases: Screening (up to 28 days), Pre-randomization Treatment, Treatment, and Follow-up. Assessments like patient-reported outcome(s) (PROs), electrocardiogram (ECG), vital signs and pharmacokinetics will be performed during the study. Safety evaluations will include review of adverse events, laboratory test results, vital sign measurements, physical examination findings, assessment of cardiac function, Immune-Effector Cell-Associated Encephalopathy (ICE) and handwriting assessments (only for Arm B) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status. Safety data will be periodically reviewed by an Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC). The duration of the study is approximately 12 years 5 months.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Documented diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) according to International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) diagnostic criteria
• Measurable disease at screening as defined by any of the following: Serum monoclonal paraprotein (M-protein) level greater than or equal to (>=)1.0 gram per deciliter (g/dL) or urine M-protein level >=200 milligram (mg)/24 hours; or Light chain MM in whom only measurable disease is by serum free light chain (FLC) levels: Serum immunoglobin (Ig) free light chain >=10 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) and abnormal serum Ig kappa/lambda FLC ratio
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status grade of 0 or 1
• Not considered for high-dose chemotherapy with Autologous Stem Cell Transplant (ASCT) due to: Ineligible due to advanced age; or Ineligible due to presence of comorbid condition(s) likely to have a negative impact on tolerability of high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT; or Deferral of high-dose chemotherapy with ASCT as initial treatment
• A woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must have 2 negative highly sensitive serum or urine pregnancy tests (beta-human chorionic gonadotropin) prior to starting Bortezomib, Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (VRd) and must agree to further testing during the study.
• Clinical laboratory values meeting the following criteria during the screening phase: hemoglobin greater than or equal to (>=) 8.0 g/dL (>=5 millimoles per liter [mmol/L]), recombinant human erythropoietin use is permitted; platelets >=75 *10^9/L; absolute lymphocyte count >=0.3 *10^9/L; absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >=1.0 ×10^9/L (prior growth factor support is permitted but must be without support in the 7 days prior to the laboratory test); aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) less than or equal to (<=) 3.0 * upper limit of normal (ULN); estimated glomerular filtration rate >=40 milliliter per minute/1.73 meter square (mL/min/1.73 m^2) based upon modified diet in renal disease formula (MDRD-4) calculation or a 24-hour urine collection; total bilirubin <=2.0 * ULN; except in participants with congenital hyperbilirubinemia, such as Gilbert syndrome (in which case direct bilirubin <=2.0 * ULN is required)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Frailty index of >=2 according to Myeloma Geriatric Assessment score
• Peripheral neuropathy or neuropathic pain Grade 2 or higher, as defined by the National Cancer Institute-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE) Version 5
• Known active, or prior history of central nervous system (CNS) involvement or clinical signs of meningeal involvement of MM
• Stroke or seizure within 6 months of signing Informed Consent Form (ICF)
• Seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
• Vaccinated with live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to first dose of VRd
• Participant must not require continuous supplemental oxygen
• Hepatitis B infection
• Hepatitis C infection
• Prior treatment with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy directed at any target
• Any therapy that is targeted to B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)