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This single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial includes 60 healthy adults. The participants were randomized to four different groups. The first group performed over-ground walking without GEMS-H, the second group performed over-ground walking with GEMS-H applied resistance mode, the third group performed stair ascent with GEMS-H applied assist mode, and the fourth group were designated as the group that performed inclined gait with GEMS-H applied assist mode on a treadmill. Each group is divided in 15 participants.
At the first visit, the subjects are fully informed of the study if appropriate after determining whether they meet the selection criteria. If the subjects meet the selection criteria, the participants were randomized to four different groups. The first group performed over-ground walking without GEMS-H, the second group performed over-ground walking with GEMS-H with resistance mode, the third group performed stair ascent with GEMS-H with assist mode, and the fourth group were designated as the group that performed inclined gait with GEMS-H with assist mode on a treadmill. Each group is divided in 15 participants. Each group completed 30 minutes exercise at least three times per week (total 10 sessions). All measurements were conducted before and after the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Over-ground walking without GEMS-H | Experimental |
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| Over-ground walking with GEMS-H with resist mode | Experimental |
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| Stair ascent with GEMS-H with assist mode | Experimental |
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| Incline walking with GEMS-H with assist mode | Experimental |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Over-ground walking without GEMS-H | Other | Over-ground walking without GEMS-H (30 min per session, at least 3 times per weeks, total 10 sessions) |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline performance on gait speed after the intervention | Measure of self selected speeds by measuring the time it takes an individual to walk 10 meters. To perform the test, patient walks 10 meters (33 ft) and the time is measured when the leading foot crosses the start line and the finish line. The instructions are: "Please walk this distance at your normal pace when I say go." | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change from baseline performance on muscle strength after the intervention | All subjects underwent measurements of muscle strength of lower extremity by using Commander Echo Muscle Tester (measures in lb, kg, N) | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) after the intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samsung Medical Center | Seoul | 06351 | South Korea |
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Single masking (Outcomes Assessor)
| Over-ground walking with GEMS-H with resist mode | Device | Over-ground walking with GEMS-H with resist mode (30 min per session, at least 3 times per weeks, total 10 sessions) |
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| Stair ascent with GEMS-H with assist mode | Device | Stair ascent with GEMS-H with assist mode (30 min per session, at least 3 times per weeks, total 10 sessions) |
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| Incline walking with GEMS-H with assist mode | Device | Incline walking with GEMS-H with assist mode (30 min per session, at least 3 times per weeks, total 10 sessions) |
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The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) is a series of tests used to evaluate lower extremity function and mobility. |
| Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Functional Reach Test (FRT) after the intervention | Functional Reach Test (FRT) is a clinical outcome measure and assessment tool for ascertaining dynamic balance in one simple task. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Four Square Step Test (FSST) after the intervention | Four Square Step Test (FSST) is a test of dynamic balance and coordination that clinically assesses the participant's ability to step over objects forward, sideways, and backwards. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Berg Balance Scale (BBS) after the intervention | Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a 14-item objective measure that assesses static balance and fall risk in adults. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Timed Up and Go test (TUG) after the intervention | The Timed Up and Go test (TUG) is a simple test used to assess a person's mobility and requires both static and dynamic balance. It uses the time that a person takes to rise from a chair, walk three meters, turn around, walk back to the chair, and sit down. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) after the intervention | The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is a self-report measure of depression. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on EuroQol 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) after the intervention | EQ-5D is an instrument which evaluates the generic quality of life developed in Europe and widely used. The EQ-5D descriptive system is a preference-based HRQL measure with one question for each of the five dimensions that include mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on Fall Efficacy Scale-Korea (FES-K) after the intervention | The Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) is a ten-item test rated on a 10-point scale from not confident at all to completely confident. | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |
| Change from baseline performance on metabolic energy expenditure after the intervention | All subjects underwent measurements respiratory metabolism energy during treadmill walking at a comfortable speed for 5 minutes. It assess the change of metabolic energy expenditure using a portable cardiopulmonary metabolic system (K5, Rome, Italy). | Baseline, After the intervention(day12) |