Lack of institutional resources to conduct project, increased cost of conducting project due to workarounds with resources not being available, and COVID-19 pausing human subjects data collection in 2020.

The purpose of the study is to learn about how type of exercise influences measures of appetite regulation.

The primary objective of this study is to understand the relationship between exercise modality and appetite regulation in a population with pre-diabetes. The study includes a screening visit to ensure eligibility of participants, baseline assessments, a resistance exercise intervention, and post intervention measurements. The variables of interest include, but are not limited to, hormonal responses to exercise training pertaining to appetite, food cravings, appetite ratings. activity levels, body composition, and ten repetition-max strength. The aim of this study is to better understand the mechanisms involved in the correlation or causation of any improvements in fitness and appetite regulation in a cohort with pre-diabetes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18-50 years of age
• BMI between 27-40 kg/m²
• Hemoglobin A1c level between 5.7% and 6.4%
• Physical Activity (less than 150 min/week moderate-intensity Physical Activity, no more than 1 session/week of resistance exercise)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Unstable Cardiovascular Disease
• Uncontrolled hypertension
• Severe hypertriglyceridemia
• History of or active liver disease
• Uncontrolled thyroid disease
• Active cancer diagnosis
• Smoking
• Engaged in exercise or diet program
• History of bariatric surgery
• GI malabsorptive disorders
• Significant diet intolerances
• History of major psychiatric disorder
• presence of alcohol or substance abuse;
• medications affecting weight,
• EI or EE in past 6 months;
• women currently pregnant, lactating, less than 6 months post-partum, or postmenopausal.