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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek | OTHER |
| Dutch Research Council | UNKNOWN |
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This study investigated whether focusing on one's body functionality (i.e., everything the body can do, rather than how it looks) would lead to improvements in body image, self-esteem, and self-kindness among women who have undergone bariatric surgery.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Experimental | Participants in the intervention group completed the Expand Your Horizon programme (Alleva et al., 2015). |
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| Comparison Group | No Intervention | Participants in the comparison group did not complete any intervention (i.e., this was a waitlist comparison group). |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expand Your Horizon | Other | Expand Your Horizon is an online programme, comprising three 15min writing exercises delivered over the course of 1 week. In each writing exercise, participants are asked to describe the functions of their body, and why those are personally meaningful to them. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in appearance satisfaction over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Appearance satisfaction was assessed using the Body Areas Satisfaction Subscale (BASS) of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher appearance satisfaction. | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Change in functionality satisfaction over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Functionality satisfaction was assessed using the Physical Condition Subscale (PCS) of the Body Esteem Scale (BES). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher functionality satisfaction. | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Change in body appreciation over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Body appreciation was assessed using the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Scores range from 1-5, with higher scores demonstrating higher body appreciation. | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Change in body responsiveness over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Body responsiveness was assessed using the Body Responsiveness Questionnaire (BRQ). Scores range from 1-7, with higher scores demonstrating higher body responsiveness. | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Change in self-objectification over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Self-objectification was assessed using the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (SOQ). Scores range from -25 to 25, with lower scores demonstrating higher levels of self-objectification. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in self-esteem over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) | Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE). Scores range from 10-40, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of self-esteem. | Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jessica Alleva | Maastricht University | Principal Investigator |
| Carolien Martijn | Maastricht University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maastricht University | Maastricht | Limburg | 6200MD | Netherlands | ||
| Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26280376 | Background | Alleva JM, Martijn C, Van Breukelen GJ, Jansen A, Karos K. Expand Your Horizon: A programme that improves body image and reduces self-objectification by training women to focus on body functionality. Body Image. 2015 Sep;15:81-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Aug 14. | |
| 36608971 | Derived | Alleva JM, Atkinson MJ, Vermeulen W, Monpellier VM, Martijn C. Beyond Body Size: Focusing on Body Functionality to Improve Body Image Among Women Who Have Undergone Bariatric Surgery. Behav Ther. 2023 Jan;54(1):14-28. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2022.06.007. Epub 2022 Jul 3. |
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Anonymised quantitative data (SPSS file) will be uploaded to DataVerse, and will be accessible upon request from the Principal Investigator. Study protocol and informed consent sheet will be available via ClinicalTrials.gov registration.
The data will become available as soon as the manuscript is published, with no deadline. The study protocol and informed consent sheet will be available immediately, with no deadline.
Data will be available to other researchers for non-commercial purposes. Qualitative data (derived from participants' responses to the writing exercises) will not be shared, given the sensitive nature of the data, and given that participants did not provide consent for their writing exercises to be shared outside of the research team. Study protocol and informed consent sheet will be available for non-commercial purposes via ClinicalTrials.gov registration.
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot | Yes | No | No | Study Protocol | Jun 2, 2016 | Apr 30, 2021 | Prot_000.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | Jun 2, 2016 | Apr 30, 2021 | ICF_001.pdf |
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Participants are randomised to group by the online research system. The investigator does not know what group participants have been assigned to. Participants are aware whether they have been assigned to the intervention or comparison (waitlist) group.
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| Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Changes in self-kindness over time (pretest, posttest, follow-ups) |
Self-kindness was assessed using the Self-Kindness Subscale (SKS) of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Scores range from 1-7, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of self-kindness. |
| Pretest (Day 1), posttest (Day 5), 1-week follow-up (Day 12), 3-month follow-up (Day 95) |
| Huis ter Heide |
| Utrecht |
| 3712BA |
| Netherlands |