use of the device (AMMP) and the process on 5 healthy volunteers undergoing proning, as well as "general care" (movement up or down the bed, rotated laterally). As well, repositioning sheets will be used for general care. Surveys of the impressions of team members of the value (ease of use, efficiency, safety, physical demands) of using the AMMP and the repositioning sheets with these "patients" will be completed.

The impressions of the volunteers as patients will be surveyed, with particular reference to comfort and security during movement

patients with severe respiratory failure eligible for prone ventilation will be recruited with surveys provided to team members to gauge their impressions of the value of using the AMMP with the proning process for these patients. Surveys for 40 proning processes will be obtained. Movement from back to stomach or from stomach to back is considered a single process. A single patient may undergo multiple proning processes as prone ventilation is delivered for several days, with multiple healthcare team members participating in their care. We anticipate this will involve 10 patients, and 3 team members to be involved with each proning process.

40 patients will have the AMMP used for general care. An additional 40 will have repositioning sheets used for general care. Healthcare team members involved with the care of these patients will be surveyed re their impressions of the value of using the AMMP or the repositioning sheets. We cannot predict the number of healthcare team members involved with the care of each patient s because of clinical conditions and length of stay

A custom designed patient wrap will envelope the patient. This will be coupled to a mechanical lift system to facilitate repositioning of the patient (AMMP) Commercially available repositioning sheets will be used for the general care of some study patients

The AMMP will be used to move volunteers for "general care" (up or down the bed, into lateral position) or into prone position. The repositioning sheets will be used to move volunteers for "general care". Repositioning sheets are not designed to be used for prone positioning Qualitiative surveys of the "patient" experience utilizing a survey tool with a 5 point Likert scale will be used focused on their perceptions of comfort, anxiety related to the movement and feelings of feeling security as well as open narrative

Repositioning sheets and the AMMP will be used by healthcare team members to facilitate patient handling for general care of ICU patient in an ICU where this type of movement aid has not been previously utilized. Qualitiative review of team members impressions of the feasibility of the use of this device for this purpose will be assessed utilizing surveys with 5 point Likert scale as well as open narrative. Team members impressions of the use of this aid, compared to the AMMP for general care and to their impressions of the provision of general care without the use of aids will be assessed in the survey tool

A novel apparatus and method to reposition patients ( AMMP) has been developed. Perceptions of team members using this to move ICU patients from supine to prone, or prone to supine, during therapy for severe respiratory failure, will be assessed relative to traditional approaches to movement of patients without aids. A quantitative analysis of perceptions across multiple dimensions (ease of use of the device, efficiency, physical demand for healthcare team member, adverse effects on patients) will be undertaken utilizing a survey instrument with a 5 point Likert scale as well as open narrative

Movement of patients from supine to prone or prone to supine to facilitate mechanical ventilation for patients with severe lung disease is resource intensive (requirement for personal protective equipment (PPE)) , dependant on a large team (5-7 people) and time intensive. A comparison of the efficiency of patient movement with the AMMP relative to movement without an aid will be completed. Historical values for time to complete, number of personnel needed to complete and the number of sets of PPE for this process will be compared to these parameters when the AMMP is used. Personnel costs (number of people x cost per hour x total time taken) and resource utilization ( number of sets of PPE x cost /set of PPE) added together will define "total costs" for this comparison

Non ambulatory patients must move, or be moved, to recover. Healthcare team members frequently must assist, which is physically demanding, putting team members at risk of injury. The concerns of healthcare team members in the acute care ( ICU) will be surveyed to collate and quantify their role in the healthcare team, their experience with patient handling, opinions on ideal team size for patient handling, and injury history associated with patient handling