This study is looking for the predictors of the survival or rehospitalization of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Participants who are discharged from an acute heart failure hospitalization are enrolled.

This study is looking for the predictors of the survival or rehospitalization of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Participants who are discharged from an acute heart failure hospitalization are enrolled. The prognostic factors provide information about the treatment of this disease in the future. This study is a retrospective observational study. Investigators will collect data from May 2014 to July 2019 in the heart failure center of Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. A follow-up is conducted at the Kaohsiung HF center until August 2020. Investigators want to know whether the risk factors such as atrial fibrillation, diabetes, nephropathy, and some biochemical indexes can be an index that predicts future survival or rehospitalization of these patients. Besides, investigators will also explore the cardiac rehabilitation can also effectively improve the survival rate of such patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• inpatient, age >= 20 years old, male or female
• patient with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction and discharged alive from the hospital
• received heart failure disease management program

Exclusion Criteria:

• Estimated survival time < 6 months
• Long-term bedridden for more than 3 months
• Cannot tolerance exercise test due to muscular-skeletal disorder
• Cannot co-operate all functional studies
• Ventilator dependent
• Terminal heart status
• The family reject to participate in this project

A total of 792 patients were recruited between May 2014 and July 2019 and follow-up conducted at the Kaohsiung HF center until August 2020. All patients were introduced to a multidisciplinary HF disease management program (HFDMP).

individual participant data sharing plan will be discussed with other investigators.