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One method of indirect measurement of intracranial pressure is using optic nerve sheath diameter. There is no study whether equal volume of contrast medium injection has any increasing effect of optic nerve sheath diameter.
This study is designed to measure the changes of optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygenation when equal volume of contrast medium or normal saline was injected in epidural space.
Previous study showed that different volume of injections (1.0 ml/kg vs. 1.5 ml/kg) during caudal anesthesia showed siginifiant increase of optic nerve sheath diameter in group of high volumes. Increase of ICP can result in harmful effect including reduced cerebral flow and oxygen saturation. Also, increase of ICP can cause headache, syncope and transient loss of visual acuity. The proven and valid method of measuring ICP indirectly is using optic nerve sheath diameter. This study was designed to examine the changes of optic nerve sheath diameter and cerebral oxygenation when equal volume of contrast medium or normal saline was injected in epidural space.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| contrast group | Active Comparator | injection of contrast medium 6 cc during thoracic epidural catheterization |
|
| normal saline group | Placebo Comparator | injection of normal saline 6 cc during thoracic epidural catheterization |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| thoracic epidural catheterization | Other | thoracic epidural catheterization |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| optic nerve sheath change during 4 time period | optic nerve sheath change during 4 time period using ultrasound | Baseline, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 40 minutes after the completion of the intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| cerebral oxygenation change during 4 time period | cerebral oxygenation change during 4 time period using cerebral oximeter | Baseline, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 40 minutes after the completion of the intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ji Hee Hong | Daegu | 700712 | South Korea |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35322981 | Derived | Hong JH, Park JH, Park KB. Comparison of Increase in the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter between Epidural Saline and Contrast Medium Injections. Pain Physician. 2022 Mar;25(2):E263-E269. |
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